Nonsequential Double Ionization at the Single-Optical-Cycle Limit

Liu, X.; Rottke, H.; Eremina, E.; Sandner, W.; Goulielmakis, Eleftherios; Keeffe, K. O.; Lezius, M.; Krausz, Ferenc; Lindner, Fabrizio; Schätzel, Michael G.; Paulus, G. G.; Walther, H.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.263001

Cited by 166 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

116

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In earlier work, the (e, 2e) mechanism was invoked to explain the CEPdependent Ar 2 + recoil-ion spectra at about twice the intensity 16,28 .…”

Section: Comparison Of Measured and Calculated Asymmetriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even more insight into the process was gained in kinematically complete studies where the correlated two-electron momentum distributions were measured 11 and investigated for different laser parameters [12][13][14][15] . Measurements of the dynamics of NSDI in near-single cycle laser pulses have been restricted to recoil-ion spectra, which did not allow for the direct retrieval of the correlated electron-emission dynamics 16,17 . The sub-cycle dependence of electron correlation spectra has been explored by various theoretical studies, where the double-ionization dynamics were confined to a single cycle of a laser pulse 12,18 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite their broad implications for phenomena such as molecular bonding or chemical reac tions, our knowledge of multi electron dynamics is limited and their theoretical modelling remains a most difficult task. From the experimental side, it is highly desirable to study the dynamical evolution and interaction of the electrons over the relevant timescales, which extend into the attosecond regime. Here we use near single cycle laser pulses with well defined electric field evolution to confine the double ionization of argon atoms to a single laser cycle. The measured two electron momentum spectra, which substantially differ from spectra recorded in all previous experiments using longer pulses, allow us to trace the correlated emission of the two electrons on sub femtosecond timescales. The experimental results, which are discussed in terms of a semiclassical model, provide strong constraints for the development of theories and lead us to revise common assumptions about the mechanism that governs double ionization.

show abstract

“…In earlier work, the (e, 2e) mechanism was invoked to explain the CEPdependent Ar 2 + recoil-ion spectra at about twice the intensity 16,28 .…”

Section: Comparison Of Measured and Calculated Asymmetriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…where ω a = 4.13·10 16 1/s is the atomic frequency unit, E a = 5.145·10 11 V/m the atomic unit of the electric field, and E opt the optical field strength. U H ion = 13.6 eV and U N2 ion = 15.6 eV denote the ionisation potentials of atomic hydrogen and molecular nitrogen, respectively.…”

Section: Ionisation Model Employed In the Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the phenomena studied depend critically on the CE phase. Examples include the dynamics of above-threshold ionisation (ATI) 4 , light-induced non-sequential double ionisation 16 , Gouy phase observation 17 , and quantum interference in photocurrents 18 . An exciting prospect is the application of the CE phase as a coherent-control tool, e.g., to steer bound electrons in molecules 19 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle laser pulses with terahertz-emission spectroscopy

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PACS numbers: 62.65.Re, 72.30.+q The availability of few-cycle optical pulses opens a window to physical phenomena occurring on the attosecond time scale. In order to take full advantage of such pulses, it is crucial to measure 1,2,3,4 and stabilise 1,2 their carrierenvelope (CE) phase, i.e., the phase difference between the carrier wave and the envelope function. We introduce a novel approach to determine the CE phase by down-conversion of the laser light to the terahertz (THz) frequency range via plasma generation in ambient air, an isotropic medium where optical rectification (down-conversion) in the forward direction is only possible if the inversion symmetry is broken by electrical or optical means 5,6,7,8,9,10 . We show that few-cycle pulses directly produce a spatial charge asymmetry in the plasma. The asymmetry, associated with THz emission, depends on the CE phase, which allows for a determination of the phase by measurement of the amplitude and polarity of the THz pulse.The ability to measure 1,2,3,4 and stabilise 1,2 the CE phase, which is also often named absolute phase and defined by Eq. 4 (Methods), of few-cycle laser pulses, i.e., the ability to completely control ultrashort high-intensity electromagnetic fields, provides access to a whole series of novel physical phenomena, and creates options for their coherent control. An example is the manipulation of the electron recombination process during "recollision" 11 , with the aim to fully control the generation of both intense VUV higher-harmonic radiation 12,13 as well as of high-intensity single attosecond pulses. The progress has led to the establishment of a new field of research, "attosecond science", with highlights of recent work including the efficient tomography of molecular wave functions by coherent diffraction of rescattered electrons 14 as well as the preparation of high-intensity, monochromatic femtosecond electron beams evolving from "bubble generation" 15 . Many of the phenomena studied depend critically on the CE phase. Examples include the dynamics of above-threshold ionisation (ATI) 4 , light-induced non-sequential double ionisation 16 , Gouy phase observation 17 , and quantum interference in photocurrents 18 . An exciting prospect is the application of the CE phase as a coherent-control tool, e.g., to steer bound electrons in molecules 19 .The state-of-the-art method for CE phase determination of amplified laser pulses is stereo ATI 20,21 . In this letter, we present a new approach based on downconversion into the THz frequency range in a lasergenerated ambient air-plasma. The concept relies on the detection of the THz electromagnetic pulses emitted during photo-ionization of the air by the focussed few-cycle pulses. The method is easy to apply, because it does not require a vacuum chamber and relies on standard optoelectronic THz detection technology 5,8 .THz-pulse emission from laser-generated plasmas has been investigated in the past, but only with much longer laser pulses. There, the transient electric currents responsibl...

show abstract

“…The precisely controllable CEP of a near-infrared driving waveform could be used to adjust both the ionization yield [28] in each field half-cycle and the classical excursion of the ionized electron in the continuum to generate, upon recombination with the parent ion, single or twin soft x-ray attosecond bursts of radiation near the cutoff of the emitted spectra. This first essential paradigm of attosecond control was followed by equally crisp demonstrations of strong-field controlled electron emission from atoms [29,30], their double ionization [31], the sub-cycle control and the dissociation in simple molecular species [32]. More recently, this paradigm was further extended to field sensitive control of chemical dynamics in more Figure 2.…”

Section: Attosecond Strong-field Physics In the Few-cycle Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

MAKING OPTICAL WAVES, TRACING ELECTRONS IN REAL-TIME: THE ONSET OF THE ATTOSECOND REALM (Invited Review)

Goulielmakis¹,

Krausz²

2014

PIER

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Tracing the dynamics of electrons inside atoms molecules or solids as they occur in real time resides at the forefront of modern science and technology. Advances in attosecond physics over the last decade and beyond are now enabling this essential experimental capability. Here we discuss some of the key developments in light sciences that made possible attosecond metrology and control of electronic processes inside matter on native time scales. These developments hold the promise for new, fundamental insights into the innerworkings of the microcosm as well as the identification of innovative routes for light-based electronic and photonic devices operating at PHz rates.

show abstract

Nonsequential Double Ionization at the Single-Optical-Cycle Limit

Cited by 166 publications

References 25 publications

Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization

Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization

Determination of the carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle laser pulses with terahertz-emission spectroscopy

MAKING OPTICAL WAVES, TRACING ELECTRONS IN REAL-TIME: THE ONSET OF THE ATTOSECOND REALM (Invited Review)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About