Nonstructural Carbohydrate Reserves in Roots and the Ability of Temperate Perennial Grasses to Overwinter in Early Growth Stages

Tamura, Yasuaki; Moriyama, Masahisa

doi:10.1626/pps.4.56

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The site was fertilized within a month after the crop from the previous season was harvested. Wetting events and the presence of RCG litter left over on the soil surface after crop harvesting as well as high activity of RCG roots may have aided the development of anaerobic microsites in the surface layers 33 . Lack of oxygen (Supporting Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglecting diurnal variations leads to uncertainties in terrestrial nitrous oxide emissions

Shurpali

Rannik

Jokinen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas produced in soil and aquatic ecosystems. Its warming potential is 296 times higher than that of CO2. Most N2O emission measurements made so far are limited in temporal and spatial resolution causing uncertainties in the global N2O budget. Recent advances in laser spectroscopic techniques provide an excellent tool for area-integrated, direct and continuous field measurements of N2O fluxes using the eddy covariance method. By employing this technique on an agricultural site with four laser-based analysers, we show here that N2O exchange exhibits contrasting diurnal behaviour depending upon soil nitrogen availability. When soil N was high due to fertilizer application, N2O emissions were higher during daytime than during the night. However, when soil N became limited, emissions were higher during the night than during the day. These reverse diurnal patterns supported by isotopic analyses may indicate a dominant role of plants on microbial processes associated with N2O exchange. This study highlights the potential of new technologies in improving estimates of global N2O sources.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglecting diurnal variations leads to uncertainties in terrestrial nitrous oxide emissions

Shurpali

Rannik

Jokinen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…This effect was marginal during spring but pronounced during summer and autumn. At least part of the spring burst in root growth is due to stored carbohydrates and N (Millard & Proe, 1992; Tamura & Moriyama, 2001; Bates et al , 2002); consequently, the effect of any reduction in photosynthesis caused by shading would be buffered. There was a much greater effect of shading during the summer months, with birth rates less than half those of the non‐shaded plots, explaining the large reduction in maximum root number.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root production is determined by radiation flux in a temperate grassland community

Edwards

Benham

Marland

et al. 2004

Global Change Biology

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Accurate knowledge of the response of root turnover to a changing climate is needed to predict growth and produce carbon cycle models. A soil warming system and shading were used to vary soil temperature and received radiation independently in a temperate grassland dominated by Holcus lanatus L. Minirhizotrons allowed root growth and turnover to be examined non‐destructively. In two short‐term (8 week) experiments, root responses to temperature were seasonally distinct. Root number increased when heating was applied during spring, but root death increased during autumnal heating. An experiment lasting 12 months demonstrated that any positive response to temperature was short‐lived and that over a full growing season, soil warming led to a reduction in root number and mass due to increased root death during autumn and winter. Root respiration was also insensitive to soil temperature over much of the year. In contrast, root growth was strongly affected by incident radiation. Root biomass, length, birth rate, number and turnover were all reduced by shading. Photosynthesis in H. lanatus exhibited some acclimation to shading, but assimilation rates at growth irradiance were still lower in shaded plants. The negative effects of shading and soil warming on roots were additive. Comparison of root data with environmental measurements demonstrated a number of positive relationships with photosynthetically active radiation, but not with soil temperature. This was true both across the entire data set and within a shade treatment. These results demonstrate that root growth is unlikely to be directly affected by increased soil temperatures as a result of global warming, at least in temperate areas, and that predictions of net primary productivity should not be based on a positive root growth response to temperature.

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“…When in the vegetative stage, RCG exhibits winter-hardiness due to the storage of nonstructural carbohydrates in its roots (Tronsmo et al, 1993;Tamura and Moriyama, 2001). This feature enables RCG to overwinter in the rhizome stage and to produce tillers early in the year (Marten and Hovin, 1980), which provides a competitive advantage.…”

Section: The High Competitive Ability Of Reed Canary Grassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea) as a Biological Model in the Study of Plant Invasions

Lavergne

Molofsky

2004

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

206

165

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Nonstructural Carbohydrate Reserves in Roots and the Ability of Temperate Perennial Grasses to Overwinter in Early Growth Stages

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Neglecting diurnal variations leads to uncertainties in terrestrial nitrous oxide emissions

Neglecting diurnal variations leads to uncertainties in terrestrial nitrous oxide emissions

Root production is determined by radiation flux in a temperate grassland community

Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea) as a Biological Model in the Study of Plant Invasions

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