Nonthermal GSM RF and ELF EMF effects upon rat BBB permeability

Abstract

Since the late 1980s, our group has examined the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), including pulse-modulated waves of the type emitted by mobile phones, upon the blood-brain barrier. In more than 2,000 rats, we have repeatedly demonstrated a passage of the rats' own albumin from the blood through the brain capillaries into the surrounding brain parenchyma at SAR values down to 0.1mW/kg. In most of these experiments, the animals were exposed in TEM-cells, ventilated by an external electrical fan at 50 Hz. In the present study, we examined whether the extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields from the fan (50 Hz, 0.3-1.5 lT) might add to the RF effect. Sixty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: RF only, ELF only and RF ? ELF exposure plus a sham group. The GSM-900 MHz RF exposure was at the very low, nonthermal, average whole-body SAR level 0.4 mW/kg. Demonstration of the normally occurring albumin extravasation in the basal hypothalamus is our inbuilt control proving that the staining is reliable. Two full series of staining of the whole material gave negative results for hypothalamus. Not until we changed to avidin, biotin, and antibodies from a third supplier, we received an acceptable staining. Twenty-five percent of the RF animals had a pathological albumin leakage, while the ELF and RF ? ELF groups with three and two pathological findings, respectively, were not significantly different from the control group. We conclude that the use of external fans has had no major influence upon the result.

EMF radiation at 2450MHz triggers changes in the morphology and expression of heat shock proteins and glucocorticoid receptors in rat thymus

“…Histological changes in the permeability of the vascular endothelium were accompanied by an increase in the number of blood vessels in the thymic medulla, due to an increase in local blood flow and/or dilation of the vessels due to radiation. Similar results of increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier have been found after sub-thermal microwave exposure of rats [30]. These findings indicate that non-ionizing radiation caused a cellular protein response to acute stress (within 24 h) and an immediate and visible effect in the thymus morphology, Fig.…”

Possible health risk of electromagnetic fields

“…studied the effect of EMF on BBB permeability in rats. It was found that the EMF exposure reduced memory functions 26 .…”

[Comment] Appeals that matter or not on a moratorium on the deployment of the fifth generation, 5G, for microwave radiation

“…Effects include increased cancer risk, cellular stress, increase in harmful free radicals, genetic damages, structural and functional changes of the reproductive system, learning and memory deficits, neurological disorders, and negative impacts on general well-being in humans. Damage goes well beyond the human race, as there is growing evidence of harmful effects (38) to both plants (39) and animals (40)'.…”