Nontraumatic spontaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhage in a young patient: a rare case report

Abstract

Introduction and importance: Spontaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhage is a rare surgical occurrence, especially in young populations with poor prognosis. Hypertension is the leading cause but vascular malformations, infections and rare genetic conditions are also responsible. Case presentation: Twenty-three-year-old male with no prior comorbidities presented to emergency with sudden onset loss of consciousness and 1 episode of seizure. No history of intoxication or trauma was given. Glasgow Coma Scale at presentation was E1V2M2. CT scan head revealed bilateral basal ganglia haematoma along intraventricular haemorrhage. Clinical discussion: The patient was managed conservatively in the Neurosurgical Intensive care unit. Supportive management was provided. The patient’s motor response was improving and a repeat CT scan showed a resolving haematoma. However, due to poor economic conditions, the patient party left against medical advice. Conclusion: Spontaneous bilateral basal ganglia haemorrhage is a rare surgical emergency with no clear consensus on a management approach. This case highlights the importance of undiagnosed hypertension in causing intracerebral haemorrhage in poor economic groups.