Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Strains Isolated from Patients between 2013 and 2017 in Poland. Our Data with Respect to the Global Trends

Abstract

Introduction: During the last decades the prevalence of NTM infections has increased, especially in developed countries. The aim of the study was to provide an overview on all NTM isolated from clinical samples in Poland between 2013 and 2017. Material and methods: The study comprised 2799 clinical specimens, mostly respiratory accessed in the reference laboratory of National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute in Warsaw and in the Wielkopolska Center of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Poland, 2013-2017. Results: During the study period 35 species of NTM were isolated. The number of isolates increased almost 1.6-fold: from 420 in 2013 to 674 in 2017. M. kansasii, M. avium, M. xenopi, M. gordonae and M. intracellulare were the most common species. This NTM pattern was rather stable over the time. If the aggregated amount of all MAC species was taken into account they dominated over M. kansasii from 2015. M. avium and M. intracellulare were more often isolated from women, while M. kansasii, M. gordonae and M. xenopi predominated in men. Men and women were infected almost with the same frequency. In older patients 65+ women were in majority, quite opposite to those aged 25 to 64 years. Conclusion: In Poland, like in other countries increased frequency of isolated NTM. M. kansasii and M. avium were the most frequently identified species from clinical samples. Men and women were infected with NTM with the same frequency.

Antibiotic susceptibility of mycobacteria isolated from ornamental fish

“…As in other countries, in Poland also Kwiatkowska et al . ( 32 ) observed an increased frequency of NTM isolated from clinical samples. Several isolates in the present study, namely M. abscessus , M. chelonae , M. fortuitum , M. gordonae , M. marinum , M. mucogenicum , M. neoaurum , M. peregrinum and M. szulgai , were also identified by Kwiatkowska et al .…”

“…Several isolates in the present study, namely M. abscessus , M. chelonae , M. fortuitum , M. gordonae , M. marinum , M. mucogenicum , M. neoaurum , M. peregrinum and M. szulgai , were also identified by Kwiatkowska et al . ( 32 ) in human clinical samples.…”

“…Other species isolated from fish include M. abscessus , M. arupense , M. avium , M. chesapeaki , M. conceptionense , M. flavescens , M. gordonae , M. haemophilum , M. kansasii , M. montefiorense , M. mucogenicum , M. neoaurum , M. nonchromogenicum , M. parascrofulaceum , M. porcinum , M. pseudoshottsii , M. salmoniphilum , M. saopaulense , M. scrofulaceum , M. senegalense , M. septicum , M. shimoidei , M. shottsii , M. simiae , M. terrae , M. szulgai , M. triviale , M. triplex , M. ulcerans and M. xenopi ( 18 , 23 , 34 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 ). In recent years, human nontuberculous mycobacterial infections and diseases have significantly increased ( 32 ). There are approximately 30 NTM that are pathogenic to humans, who commonly acquire infections if they are aquarium staff and tropical fish breeders.…”

An Unfavorable Outcome of M. chimaera Infection in Patient with Silicosis

“…Nowadays, an increased number of isolates of NTM has been noticed. Mycobacterium kansasi , Mycobacterium avium , and Mycobacterium xenopi belong to the most often recognized and well-known mycobacteria [ 7 ]. Initially, the enormous interest in Mycobacterium chimaera was associated with patients who underwent cardiac surgeries with extracorporeal circulation [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Mycobacterium szulgai Lung Disease or Breast Cancer Relapse—Case Report

“…An NTM Network European Trials Group collaborative study showed that of all NTM isolates from pulmonary samples, M. szulgai was identified depending on the geographic region from 0% in Africa to 0.77% in Northern Europe [ 8 ]. In Poland, between 2013 and 2017, of 2799 NTM isolates, 12 (0.43%) M. szulgai cases were recorded [ 10 ].…”