Nontyphoid Salmonellosis in Taiwan Children: Clinical Manifestations, Outcome and Antibiotic Resistance

Huang, I-Shen; Wagener, Marilyn M.; Hsieh, Kai‐Sheng; Liu, Yung‐Ching; Wu, Tzee–Chung; Lee, Wei-Yang; Chiou, Christine C.

doi:10.1097/00005176-200405000-00011

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The incidence of coinfection in this study was 5.5%, which is within the ranges reported by previously published studies (0.48e7.4%) [13e15]. It is not surprising that the prevalence of coinfection was higher among males in this study because the prevalences of rotavirus and NTS infection have been reported as higher in male children [12,16]. However, there were no differences between males and females with coinfection or NTS infection in terms of clinical severity score or length of hospitalization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Salmonella/rotavirus coinfection in hospitalized children

Lee

Lin

et al. 2012

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

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This study's aim was to analyze the characteristics and severity of acute gastroenteritis related to infection with rotavirus (group R), nontyphoid Salmonella (NTS; group S), and infection with both rotavirus and Salmonella (group B) in children in southern Taiwan in order to improve diagnosis and expedite appropriate management. The medical records of children admitted between October 2002 to September 2008 for acute gastroenteritis related to rotavirus, NTS, or coinfection were collected and analyzed.Among 2040 reviewed medical records, 40 patients were infected with both pathogens, while 501 cases were infected with rotavirus alone and 189 were infected with NTS alone. There were no significant differences between the three groups in terms of age at admission or sex. The age distribution of the reviewed cases revealed that children between the ages of 12-24 months comprised the largest proportion of cases in each group. Higher concentrations of fecal leukocytes and fecal pus cells and longer hospitalizations were observed in group B in comparison with groups S and R (p < 0.05). Clinical severity was significantly higher in groups B and S than group R (p < 0.05). A proportional association was found between the monthly case number of rotavirus infections and the mean monthly temperature difference in southern Taiwan (r = 0.9248; p < 0.0001). In summary, concomitant rotavirus infection with NTS infection did not affect the clinical manifestations of the reviewed patients. Rotavirus infection was less severe in most clinical manifestations, but vomiting was more severe in rotavirus-infected patients. Positive fecal leukocytes and positive fecal pus cells were more frequent during coinfection. There was a strong positive relationship between the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis and the mean monthly temperature difference.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Salmonella/rotavirus coinfection in hospitalized children

Lee

Lin

et al. 2012

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

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“…Among our Salmonella cases, 70.4% occurred between April and September. These months are warmer and are typically the rainy season in Taiwan [18]. This is consistent with the epidemiology of non-typhoid salmonellae [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Most of our patients survived; one with C. septicum infection expired. Compared with previous series of colon perforations, the mortality was influenced by a different etiology [9,18,[25][26][27][28]. C. septicum infection in children is associated with high mortality [26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Abdominal distention is possibly associated with free air leakage into the abdominal cavity or bowel paralysis secondary to colon perforation. It usually followed fever and diarrhea, which may be the clues of pneumoperitoneum [18]. Half of our patients were missed at the emergency department and diagnosed as simple gastroenteritis mainly due to ignoring the distended abdomen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Non-traumatic colon perforation in children: a 10-year review

et al. 2006

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Colon perforation is an abdominal surgical emergency in the pediatric population, but is seldom reported when occurring from non-traumatic causes in children beyond the neonate. The goal of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of non-traumatic colon perforation in children. Medical records for the 10-year period from September 1994 to September 2004 were reviewed for children beyond the neonate with non-traumatic colon perforation. Data gathered included age, gender, symptoms, duration of symptoms, physical findings, and length of postoperative hospital stay. Diagnostic information included laboratory data, radiographic imaging, and operative findings. Forty-four patients with non-traumatic colon perforation were recruited into this study. The mean age was 2.22 +/- 1.87 years; 91.4% of cases were younger than 5 years old. The most common presenting symptom was fever (97.7%); the most common sign was abdominal distention (93.1%). The mean duration of symptoms prior to admission was 6.19 days. Pneumoperitoneum was presented in 86.3% of patients by plain abdominal radiograph. Ascending and transverse colon were the most common perforation sites. Non-typhoid salmonella was the leading pathogen isolated, causing 20.4% of episodes. One case died due to Clostridium speticum infection. Non-traumatic colon perforation most commonly affects children younger than 5 years of age. It may be secondary to infection, especially non-typhoid salmonella. Plain abdominal radiograph can be an adjuvant tool for the high index of suspicion for colon perforation in children with abdominal distention and history of fever or diarrhea for more than 5 days.

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“…These infections in infants would all seem to have been locally acquired within Denmark with only a single child infant case in 2009 reporting a history of travel. None of the infants in our study developed invasive infections like bacteraemia, meningitis or septic arthritis which can be seen with non-typhoidal Salmonella infections, especially in the developing world [8,9], and none of the children died.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

National outbreak of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>with preference for infants

Jensen¹,

Rosenfeldt²,

Knudsen³

2013

OJPed

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Purpose: During a large outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) in Denmark in 2008, a remarkable high incidence was observed among children below the age of 1 year. Therefore we performed this retrospective study to describe the epidemiology, severity and outcome among a subset of children in this age-group. Methods: Cases were identified for the years 2000-2009 through a register at the Department of Clinical Microbiology at Hvidovre Hospital, in the Copenhagen area, Denmark. For hospitalized patients below 1 year with S. typhimurium, the medical record was reviewed. Results: The highest incidence for S. typhimurium was observed in 2008 with 315 cases per 100,000 among children below 1 year. In 2008 significantly more children age <6 months were admitted to the hospital compared to infants 6 -12 months. The duration of symptoms before admittance was shorter among the infants in 2008, compared to the group consisting of infants in other years 2000-2009 (p = 0.04). None of the children had bacteremia or meningitis, and none of the children died. Conclusion: During the S. typhimurium outbreak in 2008, the incidence was especially high among infants age under 1 year. The infants in 2008 might have been slightly more affected than other years 2000-2009.

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Nontyphoid Salmonellosis in Taiwan Children: Clinical Manifestations, Outcome and Antibiotic Resistance

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Salmonella/rotavirus coinfection in hospitalized children

Salmonella/rotavirus coinfection in hospitalized children

Non-traumatic colon perforation in children: a 10-year review

National outbreak of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>with preference for infants

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Nontyphoid Salmonellosis in Taiwan Children: Clinical Manifestations, Outcome and Antibiotic Resistance

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Salmonella/rotavirus coinfection in hospitalized children

Salmonella/rotavirus coinfection in hospitalized children

Non-traumatic colon perforation in children: a 10-year review

National outbreak of &lt;i&gt;Salmonella typhimurium&lt;/i&gt;with preference for infants

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Product

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National outbreak of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>with preference for infants