Nonunit Protection of HVDC Grids With Inductive DC Cable Termination

Leterme, Willem; Beerten, Jef; Hertem, Dirk Van

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2015.2422145

Cited by 244 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In meshed HVDC grids, the DC fault clearing should typically be achieved in the order of few milliseconds; therefore, selective fault detection and discrimination typically has to be achieved within 1 ms after the fault reaching the relay [9][10][11]. During this time frame, the fault behaviour is dominated by the travelling wave phenomenon.…”

Section: Travelling Waves In Bipolar Hvdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For long cable lengths, reflected waves at the remote stations are outside the time frame of interest (e.g. cable length [ 75 km) and the analysis can be limited only to the first reflection of the incident wave [9]. For DC faults along the cable, the first voltage wave front contains the most important information for fault detection and discrimination.…”

Section: Travelling Waves In Bipolar Hvdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although HVDC circuit breakers are not commercially available yet, the development of several HVDC circuit breaker prototypes indicates that interrupting DC currents in the order of kA can be CrossCheck date: 20 June 2016 achieved in just few milliseconds [3][4][5]. In the literature, most research on DC protection has focused on developing fast and selective DC protection algorithms, which can be categorized into unit protection [6,7] and non-unit protection [8][9][10][11][12]. Current differential and travelling wave differential algorithms are proposed in [6,7], respectively, where the first travelling waves are used to distinguish the faulted cable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the influence of these changes on the travelling wave behaviour needs to be studied properly. A Laplace domain-based grid modelling [9] allows to systematically study such effects. This paper builds on this travelling wave-based approach to study fault behaviour in bipolar, asymmetrical and symmetrical monopolar systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency domain based DC fault analysis for bipolar HVDC grids

Wang

Beerten

Hertem

2017

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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This paper proposes a frequency domain based methodology to analyse the influence of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) configurations and system parameters on the travelling wave behaviour during a DC fault. The method allows us to gain deeper understanding of these influencing parameters. In the literature, the majority of DC protection algorithms essentially use the first travelling waves initiated by a DC fault for fault discrimination due to the stringent time constraint in DC grid protection. However, most protection algorithms up to now have been designed based on extensive time domain simulations using one specific test system. Therefore, general applicability or adaptability to different configurations and system changes is not by default ensured, and it is difficult to gain in-depth understanding of the influencing parameters through time domain simulations. In order to analyse the first travelling wave for meshed HVDC grids, voltage and current wave transfer functions with respect to the incident voltage wave are derived adopting Laplace domain based component models. The step responses obtained from the voltage transfer functions are validated by comparison against simulations using a detailed model implemented in PSCAD TM . Then, the influences of system parameters such as the number of parallel branches, HVDC grid configurations and groundings on the first travelling wave are investigated by analysing the voltage and current transfer functions.

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Section: Travelling Waves In Bipolar Hvdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Travelling Waves In Bipolar Hvdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Frequency domain based DC fault analysis for bipolar HVDC grids

Wang

Beerten

Hertem

2017

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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“…The most common method of detecting the direction of a fault is comparison of the magnitudes of forward and backward waves which are calculated using both voltage and current measurements [17,18]. Current derivatives have been used to discriminate forward and backward faults in [19]. However, both of above methods of detecting direction of fault requires terminal current measurements taken through DC current transformers (CT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of new directional logic to improve DC side fault discrimination for high resistance faults in HVDC grids

Haleem

Rajapakse

2017

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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This paper proposes a simple and fast way to determine the direction of a fault in a multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC) grid by comparing the rate of change of voltage (ROCOV) values at either side of the di/dt limiting inductors at the line terminals. A local measurement based secure and fast protection method is implemented by supervising a basic ROCOV relay with a directional element. This directional information is also used to develop a slower communication based DC line protection scheme for detecting high resistance faults. The proposed protection scheme is applied to a multi-level modular converter based three-terminal HVDC grid and its security and sensitivity are evaluated through electromagnetic transient simulations. A methodology to set the protection thresholds considering the constraints imposed by the breaker technology and communication delays is also presented. With properly designed di/dt limiting inductors, the ability of clearing any DC transmission system fault before fault currents exceeds a given breaker capacity is demonstrated.

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A new combined adaptive cumulative sum‐based fault detector for multi‐terminals high voltage direct current transmission lines

Noori

Seifossadat

Saffarian

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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In this paper, a communication-based selective protective scheme using the combined adaptive cumulative sum algorithm (CACUSUM) is proposed, which can be used in wide-area protection of multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) transmission lines. The proposed algorithm works in the time domain and uses the variation pattern of the magnitude of line currents and bus voltages for fault detection. Simulation is done in MATLAB program using a test four terminals meshed HVDC transmission system. As a robust fault detector, the proposed approach detects fault occurrence as well as determining faulty zone, either faults on the DC line or AC part of the HVDC system; the whole in less than 2 ms. Simulation results confirm the robustness of CACUSUM performance against different fault resistances and different fault locations as well as the presence of noise in the signals. Appropriate speed, adaptivity, independence from system parameters, low sampling rate, low computational burden, simplicity, no need for any complicated hardware, and ability to detect cross faults are the significant benefits of this method in comparison with other ones.

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Nonunit Protection of HVDC Grids With Inductive DC Cable Termination

Cited by 244 publications

References 24 publications

Frequency domain based DC fault analysis for bipolar HVDC grids

Frequency domain based DC fault analysis for bipolar HVDC grids

Application of new directional logic to improve DC side fault discrimination for high resistance faults in HVDC grids

A new combined adaptive cumulative sum‐based fault detector for multi‐terminals high voltage direct current transmission lines

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