DEDICATIONThis work is dedicated to my family. My husband, Gary DeWood, has provided far more encouragement and support throughout the duration of this project than either of us thought would be necessary, and has done so with grace and forbearance. My children, Patricia, Dale, and Kathryn, made many sacrifices and contributions that were material to my being able to be in school, for which I am more grateful than I can express. While it may be impossible to quantify the benefits of prayer, I am certain that the maximum of those benefits have been bestowed on me due to the fact that my mother, Alice Davis, has made countless petitions heavenward on my behalf. (Any answering of prayers that has occurred is because my mother deserves to have her prayers answered, not because I do. In any case, because of the probable reduction in requests for help, I dare say even God is relieved that my dissertation is finally complete.) The example set by my late father, Dr. Dale Davis, whose work as an adult PhD candidate I remember, exhorted me to sustain my efforts during times when it seemed that this enterprise was ill-advised for anyone who could be otherwise gainfully employed.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFirst and foremost, I thank Dr. James Vaden for being my advocate, providing encouragement, and for being a mentor without peer. I do not know by what luck it is that I was able to find such a friend.I would also like to thank all the faculty members who gave me instruction and guidance. In particular I appreciate the efforts of my committee members, Drs. Lawrence Brown, Cyril Chang, Joy Clay, Doug Imig, and Junling Wang, but most especially for those of Dr. Lawrence Brown, who had the unenviable task of assuming chairmanship of my dissertation committee late in the game. No one knows better than I do that accomplishing all that is required to obtain a Ph.D. cannot be done alone.v ABSTRACT Purpose. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of patientperceived provider availability on nonurgent emergency department use (NUEDU). The study population consists of a nationally-representative population of non-elderly adults who were continuously privately insured (CPI) for at least a year before an emergency department visit that was determined to be nonurgent, and who reported having a regular source of care (RSC).Methods. Data were obtained from a nationally-representative longitudinal survey, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). The classification of ED visits as nonurgent was based on patient report using a method developed for this study. Patient-perceived provider availability was based on patient report of how difficult it was to contact their RSC by phone for medical advice during office hours (Regular Hours Contact), how difficult it was to reach their RSC after hours in case of an urgent problem (After Hours Contact), and whether their RSC had office hours at night or on weekends (Night or Weekend Hours). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether the patient-reported provider ava...