Nonword repetition and phoneme elision in adults who do and do not stutter: Vocal versus nonvocal performance differences

Byrd, Courtney T.; McGill, Megann; Usler, Evan

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2015.01.004

Cited by 46 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Joanna sierpowska, Msc, 1,2 andreu gabarrós, MD, PhD, 3 alejandro Fernandez-coello, MD, 3,4 Àngels camins, MD, 5 sara castañer, MD, 5 Montserrat Juncadella, PhD, 6 Joaquín Morís, PhD, 1,2 and antoni rodríguez-Fornells, PhD 1,2,7 1 Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; 2 Department of Basic Psychology, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; 3 Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Neurosurgery Section, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; 4 CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina; 5 Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Centre Bellvitge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; 6 Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Neurology Section, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; and 7 Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain obJective Subcortical electrical stimulation during brain surgery may allow localization of functionally crucial white matter fibers and thus tailoring of the tumor resection according to its functional limits. The arcuate fasciculus (AF) is a white matter bundle connecting frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical areas that is often disrupted by left brain lesions.…”

Section: Words Are Not Enough: Nonword Repetition As An Indicator Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Words are not enough: nonword repetition as an indicator of arcuate fasciculus integrity during brain tumor resection

Sierpowska

Gabarrós

Fernández-Coello

et al. 2017

JNS

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OBJECTIVE Subcortical electrical stimulation during brain surgery may allow localization of functionally crucial white matter fibers and thus tailoring of the tumor resection according to its functional limits. The arcuate fasciculus (AF) is a white matter bundle connecting frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical areas that is often disrupted by left brain lesions. It plays a critical role in several cognitive functions related to phonological processing, but current intraoperative monitoring methods do not yet allow mapping of this tract with sufficient precision. In the present study the authors aimed to test a new paradigm for the intraoperative monitoring of the AF. METHODS In this report, the authors studied 12 patients undergoing awake brain surgery for tumor resection with a related risk of AF damage. To preserve AF integrity and the cognitive processes sustained by this tract in the intraoperative context, the authors used real word repetition (WR) and nonword repetition (NWR) tasks as complements to standard picture naming. RESULTS Compared with the errors identified by WR or picture naming, the NWR task allowed the detection of subtle errors possibly related to AF alterations. Moreover, only 3 patients demonstrated phonological paraphasias in standard picture naming, and in 2 of these patients the paraphasias co-occurred with the total loss of WR and NWR ability. Before surgery, lesion volume predicted a patient's NWR performance. CONCLUSIONS The authors suggest that monitoring NWR intraoperatively may complement the standard naming tasks and could permit better preservation of the important language production functions subserved by the AF.

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Section: Words Are Not Enough: Nonword Repetition As An Indicator Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Words are not enough: nonword repetition as an indicator of arcuate fasciculus integrity during brain tumor resection

Sierpowska

Gabarrós

Fernández-Coello

et al. 2017

JNS

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“…Although not diagnostic of the disorder, phonological working memory impairment is frequently observed in individuals with developmental dyslexia (e.g., Larrivee & Catts, 1999;Peter et al, 2011) and is related to other phonological measures prior to the onset of reading instruction (Clark, McRoberts, Van Dyke, Shankweiler, & Braze, 2012). Children and adults who stutter also appear to have deficits in phonological working memory that may be independent of speech fluency (Anderson, Wagovich, & Hall, 2006;Byrd, McGill, & Usler, 2015;Hakim & Ratner, 2004). In autism, too, there is a pronounced impairment in phonological working memory (Kjelgaard & Tager-Flusberg, 2001), which appears to extend even to first-degree family members evincing the broad autism phenotype (Wilson et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Phonological Working Memory for Words and Nonwords in Cerebral Cortex

Perrachione

Ghosh

Ostrovskaya

et al. 2017

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to identify the brain bases of phonological working memory (the shortterm maintenance of speech sounds) using behavioral tasks analogous to clinically sensitive assessments of nonword repetition. The secondary purpose of the study was to identify how individual differences in brain activation were related to participants' nonword repetition abilities. Method: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neurophysiological response during a nonword discrimination task derived from standard clinical assessments of phonological working memory. Healthy adult control participants (N = 16) discriminated pairs of real words or nonwords under varying phonological working memory load, which we manipulated by parametrically varying the number of syllables in target (non)words. Participants' cognitive and phonological abilities were also measured using standardized assessments. Results: Neurophysiological responses in bilateral superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and supplementary motor area increased with greater phonological working memory load. Activation in left superior temporal gyrus during nonword discrimination correlated with participants' performance on standard clinical nonword repetition tests. Conclusion: These results suggest that phonological working memory is related to the function of cortical structures that canonically underlie speech perception and production. T he cognitive processes that underlie the short-term maintenance of language sounds are known collectively as phonological working memory. Phonological working memory is thought to support a wide range of linguistic behaviors, including novel word learning and vocabulary development, maintenance of information during sentence and discourse processing, and the acquisition of reading skill

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“…In terms of speech planning difficulties, a considerable amount of data implicate weaknesses in phonological encoding early in life as a key area of compromise (e.g., [7-9], for an opposing viewpoint, see [10, 11]), particularly for children whose stuttering persists into adulthood (e.g., [12-15]). These data are further supported by studies which indicate that many adults who stutter (AWS) perform more poorly than adults who do not stutter (AWNS) when completing experimental tasks that rely on efficient phonological processing (e.g., nonword repetition [16-18]; silent error monitoring [19]; phoneme elision [16, 17]; word jumble tasks [20]; silent rhyme judgment [21, 22]; silent phoneme monitoring [23-25]). Although differences in the phonological abilities of AWS are not unequivocal (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Uniqueness Point Effects during Speech Planning in Adults Who Do and Do Not Stutter

Coalson

Byrd

Kuylen

2017

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Background/Aims: Previous studies employing a variety of tasks have demonstrated that adults who stutter (AWS) present with phonological encoding differences compared to adults who do not stutter (AWNS). The present study examined whether atypical preverbal monitoring also influenced AWS performance during one such paradigm – the silent phoneme monitoring task. Specifically, we investigated whether monitoring latencies for AWS were accelerated after the word’s uniqueness point – the phoneme that isolates the word from all lexical competitors – as observed for AWNS when monitoring internal and external speech. Methods: Twenty adults (10 AWS, 10 AWNS) completed a silent phoneme monitoring task using stimuli which contained either (a) early uniqueness points (EUP), (b) late uniqueness points, or (c) no uniqueness point (NUP). Response latency when identifying word-final phonemes was measured. Results: AWNS exhibited the expected uniqueness point effect when monitoring internal speech; word-final phonemes were accessed more rapidly for words with EUP than NUP. In contrast, AWS did not differ in the phoneme monitoring speed. That is, AWS did not exhibit the expected uniqueness point effects. Conclusion: Findings suggest that inefficient or atypical preverbal monitoring may be present in AWS and support theories that implicate the internal speech monitor as an area of deficit.

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Nonword repetition and phoneme elision in adults who do and do not stutter: Vocal versus nonvocal performance differences

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

Words are not enough: nonword repetition as an indicator of arcuate fasciculus integrity during brain tumor resection

Words are not enough: nonword repetition as an indicator of arcuate fasciculus integrity during brain tumor resection

Phonological Working Memory for Words and Nonwords in Cerebral Cortex

Uniqueness Point Effects during Speech Planning in Adults Who Do and Do Not Stutter

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