“…As a consequence, a second form of validity evidence focused on children's concurrent performance using scores from the Recalling Sentences subtest of the CELF-4. Given prior evidence that sentence repetition serves as a relatively sensitive marker of language impairment (e.g., Conti-Ramsden, Botting, & Faragher, 2001;Meir, Walters, & Armon-Lotem, 2015;Stokes, Wong, Fletcher, & Leonard, 2006), we selected participants from each home visit who scored at least 1 SD above or below the mean on this subtest at each time point and compared the two groups on their productive-language measures at the same home visit. Significant group differences emerged across all nine comparisons (3 productive language-sample measures × 3 home visits), with Cohen's d varying from −0.92 to −1.08 at HV5, from −0.47 to −0.70 at HV6, and from −0.90 to −0.96 at HV7.…”