Nor-triterpenoids from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum and their inhibitory activity against FAAH

Abstract

Two new nor-triterpenoids ganodrenol A (1), B (2), and a new natural product ganodrenol C (3), along with three known nor-triterpenoids (4-6) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum. The chemical structures of these isolates were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and X-ray crystallography analysis.The inhibitory effects of isolated triterpenoids (1-6) against FAAH were evaluated by an in vitro assay, and compound 4 showed an inhibition rate of 70.27%. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of compounds (1-6) was evaluated against LOVO, MCF-7, and RAW264.7 cells, which displayed no significant cytotoxicity.

A Review of Chemical Composition and Bioactivity Studies of the Most Promising Species of Ganoderma spp.

“…In a recent study conducted by Cao et al, one new triterpene was isolated from G. lucidum and it exhibited remarkable cytotoxic effects A549 (IC 50 : 15.38 µM) and HepG2 (IC 50 : 18.61 µM cell lines) [61]. In contrast to the results, ganodrenol derivatives, along with three known nor-triterpenoids were isolated from G. lucidum and displayed no cytotoxic effect on t LOVO, MCF-7, and RAW264.7 cells [62]. In a study performed by Zhong et al, the water-soluble polysaccharides from G. lucidum were positively affected by apoptosis pathways on Jurkat and HaCat cell lines and the expression levels of apoptotic genes (BAX and Bcl2) regulated (up or down) with the polysaccharide's concentration (at 25 and 50 mg/L) [63].…”

Effect of Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation on Triterpene Production and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activity of Mycelial Culture Extracts of Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat.

“…The cytotoxic effects of these compounds against LOVO, MCF-7, and RAW264.7 cells were evaluated. Moderate cytotoxicity of the compounds on the mentioned cell lines was demonstrated [ 41 ]. The Ganoderma australe species also proved to be a rich source of lostane-type triterpenoids: ganodaustralic acids A–G.…”

Endocannabinoid Hydrolase Inhibitors: Potential Novel Anxiolytic Drugs

“…All 17 triterpenoids isolated from Ganoderma lucidum exhibited some inhibitory activity against FAAH without cytotoxicity, and FAAH may be a potential target for anti-neuroinflammation. 209 , 220 β-stigmasterol and eugenol extracted from Harpagophytum procumbens , a sesquiterpene and monopostane constituent, respectively, exerted an anti-arthritic effects by inhibiting FAAH expression, 214 with β-stigmasterol also being a selective CB2R agonist. 221 , 222 Some phenolic compounds, such as cannabidiol extracted from Cannabis sativa L. and 5′-methoxylicarin A extracted from Myristica fragrans Houtt., have also been reported to inhibit FAAH activity and have anxiolytic efficacy.…”