Norepinephrine Regulation of Growth Hormone Release from Goldfish Pituitary Cells. I. Involvement of α2 Adrenoreceptor and Interactions With Dopamine and Salmon Gonadotropin‐Releasing Hormone

Lee, E K; Chan, Vcc; Chang, John P.; Yunker, Warren K.; Wong, Anderson O. L.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000.00455.x

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In previous experiments with goldfish pituitary cells, a rebound increase in GH release is observed following termination of inhibitory norepinephrine and epinephrine treatments (Lee et al 2000), but not upon termination of exposure to SS14 (Marchant et al 1987). Interestingly, cessation of the 1-h perifusion treatment with gGnIH resulted in a large increase in GH secretion (Fig.…”

Section: Gh Releasementioning

confidence: 61%

Seasonal effects of GnIH on basal and GnRH-induced goldfish somatotrope functions

Moussavi¹,

Wlasichuk²,

Chang³

et al. 2014

Journal of Endocrinology

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To understand how gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) regulates goldfish GH cell functions, we monitored GH release and expression during early, mid-, and/or late gonadal recrudescence. In vivo and in vitro responses to goldfish (g) GnIH were different, indicating direct action at the level of pituitary, as well as interactions with other neuroendocrine factors involved in GH regulation. Injection of gGnIH consistently reduced basal serum GH levels but elevated pituitary gh mRNA levels, indicating potential dissociation of GH release and synthesis. Goldfish GnRH (sGnRH and cGnRHII) injection differentially stimulated serum GH and pituitary gh mRNA levels with some seasonal differences; these responses were reduced by gGnIH. In contrast, in vitro application of gGnIH during 24-h static incubation of goldfish pituitary cells generally elevated basal GH release and attenuated sGnRH-induced changes in gh mRNA, while suppressing basal gh mRNA levels at mid-and late recrudescence but elevating them at early recrudescence. gGnIH attenuated the GH release responses to sGnRH during static incubation at early, but not at mid-and late recrudescence. In cell column perifusion experiments examining short-term GH release, gGnIH reduced the cGnRHII-and sGnRH-stimulated secretion at late recrudescence but inhibited tha action of cGnRHII only during mid-recrudescence. Interestingly, a reduction of basal GH release upon perifusion with gGnIH during late recrudescence was followed by a rebound increase in GH release upon gGnIH removal. These results indicate that gGnIH exerts complex effects on basal and GnRH-stimulated goldfish GH cell functions and can differentially affect GH release and mRNA expression in a seasonal reproductive manner.

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Section: Gh Releasementioning

confidence: 61%

Seasonal effects of GnIH on basal and GnRH-induced goldfish somatotrope functions

Moussavi¹,

Wlasichuk²,

Chang³

et al. 2014

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH) and dopamine, two known GH-releasing factors in fish, stimulate GH release from goldfish pituitary cells and their GH-releasing actions are inhibited by simultaneous treatment with norepinephrine. This effect, however, is not altered by the beta agonist iso-proterenol and α1 agonist methoxamine [95].…”

Section: Other Neuropeptides and Neurotransmittersmentioning

confidence: 82%

Neuroendocrine regulation of somatic growth in fishes

Dai

Zhang

Zhuo

et al. 2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Growth is a polygenic trait that is under the influence of multiple physiological pathways regulating energy metabolism and muscle growth. Among the possible growth-regulating pathways in vertebrates, components of the somatotropic axis are thought to have the greatest influence. There is growing body of literature focusing on the somatotropic axis and its role regulating growth in fish. This includes research into growth hormone, upstream hypothalamic hormones, insulin-like growth factors, and downstream signaling molecules. Many of these signals have both somatic effects stimulating the growth of tissues and metabolic effects that play a role in nutrient metabolism. Signals of other endocrine axes exhibit profound effects on the function of the somatotropic axis in vivo. In this review we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the teleost fish endocrine somatotropic axis, including emerging research using genetic modified models. These studies have revealed new aspects and challenges associated with regulation of the important steps of somatic growth. somatic growth, endocrine regulation, fish Citation:

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“…Fish were killed by spinosectomy after anesthesia in 0.05% tricane methanesulphonate (Syndel, Vancouver, BC, Canada). Pituitaries were excised, diced into 0.6-mm fragments, and dispersed by using the trypsin/DNA II digestion method (38) with minor modifications (39). Pituitary cells were cultured in 24-well cluster plates at a density of 0.25 ϫ 10 6 cells per well.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of growth hormone-releasing hormones and receptors in nonmammalian vertebrates

Lee¹,

Siu²,

Tam³

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

112

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In mammals, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is the most important neuroendocrine factor that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary. In nonmammalian vertebrates, however, the previously named GHRH-like peptides were unable to demonstrate robust GH-releasing activities. In this article, we provide evidence that these GHRH-like peptides are homologues of mammalian PACAP-related peptides (PRP). Instead, GHRH peptides encoded in cDNAs isolated from goldfish, zebrafish, and African clawed frog were identified. Moreover, receptors specific for these GHRHs were characterized from goldfish and zebrafish. These GHRHs and GHRH receptors (GHRHRs) are phylogenetically and structurally more similar to their mammalian counterparts than the previously named GHRH-like peptides and GHRH-like receptors. Information regarding their chromosomal locations and organization of neighboring genes confirmed that they share the same origins as the mammalian genes. Functionally, the goldfish GHRH dose-dependently activates cAMP production in receptor-transfected CHO cells as well as GH release from goldfish pituitary cells. Tissue distribution studies showed that the goldfish GHRH is expressed almost exclusively in the brain, whereas the goldfish GHRH-R is actively expressed in brain and pituitary. Taken together, these results provide evidence for a previously uncharacterized GHRH-GHRH-R axis in nonmammalian vertebrates. Based on these data, a comprehensive evolutionary scheme for GHRH, PRP-PACAP, and PHI-VIP genes in relation to three rounds of genome duplication early on in vertebrate evolution is proposed. These GHRHs, also found in flounder, Fugu, medaka, stickleback, Tetraodon, and rainbow trout, provide research directions regarding the neuroendocrine control of growth in vertebrates. molecular evolution ͉ genome duplication ͉ pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide

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Norepinephrine Regulation of Growth Hormone Release from Goldfish Pituitary Cells. I. Involvement of α2 Adrenoreceptor and Interactions With Dopamine and Salmon Gonadotropin‐Releasing Hormone

Cited by 28 publications

References 46 publications

Seasonal effects of GnIH on basal and GnRH-induced goldfish somatotrope functions

Seasonal effects of GnIH on basal and GnRH-induced goldfish somatotrope functions

Neuroendocrine regulation of somatic growth in fishes

Discovery of growth hormone-releasing hormones and receptors in nonmammalian vertebrates

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