Norma brasileira de comercialização de alimentos para lactentes e crianças de primeira infância: histórico, limitações e perspectivas

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to present and discuss Brazilian policy concerning actions to protect breastfeeding, especially the history, international and national background, limitations, and perspectives of the Brazilian Guidelines for the Marketing of Baby Food, Pacifiers and Bottles. The Brazilian Guidelines, which play a crucial role in protecting breastfeeding against industry marketing strategies, were based on the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes, proposed by the World Health Organization in 1981. The first version of the Brazilian Guidelines was released in 1988, and there were subsequent revisions in 1992 and 2001/2002. In 2006, the Guidelines became national law. However, the strides made over this period in terms of regulation have been few because the law is not always observed. Thus, it is essential that all actors involved, including government officials, manufacturers and sellers of baby food and other baby products, teaching and health professionals and their associations, international bodies, and non-governmental organizations make a commitment to enforce the current law.

Irregularidades sanitárias na promoção comercial em rótulos de produtos para lactentes e os riscos para a saúde

“…Isso decorre do conflito natural entre interesses privados por aumento contínuo do lucro e ações governamentais para proteção e promoção à saúde (BURLANDY ET AL., 2016). O controle desses riscos é feito pela aplicação de códigos internacionais e normas para vigilância tanto dos alimentos artificiais quanto de bicos, mamadeiras e chupetas que concorrem diretamente com o aleitamento materno exclusivo (MONTEIRO, 2006).…”

“…Apenas outros seis países (Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panamá, Peru, República Dominicana e Venezuela) têm legislação similar contemplando integralmente o controle na comercialização de substitutos do leite materno e bicos artificiais. No restante, o controle permaneceu voluntário (Chile, Equador) ou parcial (Argentina, Colômbia, Cuba, México, Paraguai) sobre aspectos pontuais do código internacional relacionado com o assunto, mas sem gerar regulamentação própria (WHO, 2007;MONTEIRO, 2006;BURLANDY ET AL., 2016).…”

“…A atualização da NBCAL, por meio de resoluções da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) em 2001/2002, melhorou a clareza e interpretação do texto original dificultando a impunidade por parte da indústria (MONTEIRO, 2006). O acréscimo da obrigatoriedade de mensagens de advertên-cia tanto na rotulagem quanto na promoção comercial, e da competência para fiscalizar e penalizar infratores, busca o cumprimento dessa legislação (MONTEIRO, 2006;ANVISA, 2002B).…”

Human Milk Bank: The Breastfeeding Counseling and the Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding

“…5 For decades, breastfeeding was a second priority for the health of children, and the use of artificial feeding was increased, particularly through the support of health professionals. 6 A discreet, but progressive reversal of this situation has now been observed through national studies 7 , however, the latest survey conducted in this area demonstrates DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.103016 that the breastfeeding practices in Brazil are still far from the ideal level. 8 Faced with this finding, several initiatives have emerged with the aim of increasing breastfeeding rates.…”

Official monitoring of the Brazilian Norm for Commercialization of Food for Nursling and Children of First Infancy, Rubber Nipples, Pacifiers, and Nursing Bottles - NBCAL

“…The Brazilian legislation has as legal instruments for protection of public health concerning the promotion of breast-feeding, the Brazilian Norm for Commercialization of Food for Nursling and Children of First Infancy, Rubber Nipples, Pacifiers, and Nursing Bottles (NBCAL), which regulates the commercial promotion of pasteurized and sterilized powdered milks and pacifiers (Brasil, 2002), and the Federal Law # 11265, which reinforces the complying of NBCAL (Brasil, 2006;Monteiro, 2006). The NBCAL is constituted by three documents: the Ordinance 2051 (Brasil, 2002) and two Resolutions from the Collegiate Directory (Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada -RDC) of the National Agency of Health Surveillance (Agência Nacional de VIgilância SAnitária -ANVISA), the RDC # 221 (Brasil, 2002), which is about the commercial promotion of rubber nipples, pacifiers, and nursing bottles, and the RDC # 222 (Brasil, 2002), which is about the commercial promotion of Food for Nursling and Children of First Infancy.…”