Normal aging and decision-making: a systematic review of the literature of the last 10 years

Wiesiolek, Carine Carolina; Foss, Maria Paula; Diniz, Paula Rejane Beserra

doi:10.1590/0047-2085000000033

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Concerning aging effects, older subjects (over 50 years old) took more time to perform the test, these results may be related to cognitive decline and motor functioning loss. The age effect is not recorded in the test performance, since there is no consensus on the existence of performance differences on the decision-making process between old and young (Wiesiolek, Foss & Diniz, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision-making in adult unipolar depressed patients and healthy subjects: significant differences in Net Score and in non-traditional alternative measures

Moniz¹,

Jesus²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2016

Neuropsychological Trends

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Alterations in executive functioning are frequent in depressive patients. One clinical characteristic of depression is difficulty and slowness in decision-making. This study aimed to compare the performance of a group of 30 non-psychotic unipolar depressed to 30 healthy controls in a version of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) from the Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL). Significant differences between depressed patients and healthy controls in traditional Net Score measures as well as in various alternative metrics were verified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision-making in adult unipolar depressed patients and healthy subjects: significant differences in Net Score and in non-traditional alternative measures

Moniz¹,

Jesus²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2016

Neuropsychological Trends

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show abstract

“…The main tests used are the Match-to-Sample Task [45,46] and the Iowa Gambling Task [IGT] [47]. Interpretations diverge between studies [47][48][49], particularly for the IGT, because once the operating rules are acquired, this test is very close to a risky decision-making model, and the results improve [50].…”

Section: Eligibility Based On Full Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does decisional capacity evolve with normal cognitive aging: systematic review of the literature

et al. 2019

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Key summary pointsAim The complexity of decision-making involves many neurological functions and structures which are potentially altered by cognitive aging. Findings Our systematic review shows a decrease in processing speed in normal aging, usually compensated by experience. Nevertheless, in the case of decisions that cannot be based on previous experience, decision-making will be more difficult for older adults. Compared to younger adults, older ones will be more inclined to maintain existing achievements than try to gain potential benefits.Message Decision-making supports should take into account age-related characteristics to facilitate informed decision-making. AbstractPurpose Aging is associated with increased needs related to complex decisions, particularly in medical and social issues. However, the complexity of decision-making involves many neurological functions and structures which are potentially altered by cognitive aging. Methodology A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to examine changes in decisionmaking occurring in normal cognitive aging. The keywords "decision making" and "normal aging" were used to find the clinical studies and literature reviews focused on these changes. Results A total of 97 articles were considered in the review, and ultimately 40 articles were selected, including 30 studies and 10 literature reviews. The data from these studies were of uneven quality and too disparate to allow meta-analysis according to PRISMA criteria. Nevertheless, a key result of the analysis is the decrease of processing speed with aging. In ambiguous decision-making situations, the alteration of the ventromedial system is associated with changes in motivation profiles. These changes can be compensated by experience. However, difficulties arise for older adults in the case of one-off decisions, which are very common in the medical or medico-social domains. Conclusions Cognitive aging is associated with a slowdown in processing speed of decision-making, especially in ambiguous situations. However, decision-making processes which are based on experience and cases in which sufficient time is available are less affected by aging. These results highlight the relativity of decision-making capacities in cognitive aging.

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“…Research on decision making over the life span shows fascinating, surprising and not seldom controversial results. Studies suggest that with increasing age people can display stability, improvements as well as downgrades when making decisions ( Mata et al, 2011 ; Wiesiolek et al, 2014 ). On the one hand, older people have a large collection of experiences at their disposal, and seem to develop an emotional balance to make foresighted choices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Making under Ambiguity and Objective Risk in Higher Age – A Review on Cognitive and Emotional Contributions

et al. 2017

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The ability of decision making plays a highly relevant role in our survival, but is adversely affected during the process of aging. The present review aims to provide a better understanding of age-related differences in decision making and the role of cognitive and emotional factors in this context. We reviewed the literature about age-effects on decision-making performance, focusing on decision making under ambiguous and objective risk. In decisions under ambiguous risks, as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task, decisions are based on the experiences with consequences. In this case, many articles have attributed age-related impairments in decision making to changes in emotional and somatic reward- and punishment processing. In decisions under objective risks, as measured for example by the Game of Dice Task, decisions can be based on explicit information about risks and consequences. In this case, age-related changes have been attributed mainly to a cognitive decline, particularly impaired executive functions. However, recent findings challenge these conclusions. The present review summarizes neuropsychological and neurophysiological findings of age-related differences in decision making under ambiguous and objective risk. In this context, the relevance of learning, but also of cognitive and emotional contributors – responsible for age-related differences in decision making – are additionally pointed out.

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Normal aging and decision-making: a systematic review of the literature of the last 10 years

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Decision-making in adult unipolar depressed patients and healthy subjects: significant differences in Net Score and in non-traditional alternative measures

Decision-making in adult unipolar depressed patients and healthy subjects: significant differences in Net Score and in non-traditional alternative measures

How does decisional capacity evolve with normal cognitive aging: systematic review of the literature

Decision Making under Ambiguity and Objective Risk in Higher Age – A Review on Cognitive and Emotional Contributions

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