Normal Exercise Blood Pressure Response in African-American Women with Parental History of Hypertension

Bond, Vernon; Davis, Gwendolyn C.; Millis, Richard M.; Williams, Deborah; Obisesan, Thomas O.; Oke, Luc M.; Adams, Richard G.; Neita, M; Lewis-Jack, Ometha; Blakely, Raymond; Vaccaro, Paul; Franks, B. Don; Dotson, Charles O.

doi:10.1097/00000441-200408000-00002

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…40 The only study we know that analysed BP response to exercise in young normotensive women offspring of hypertensive parents failed to show any difference in BP response to exercise between positive and negative family history of hypertensive groups. 37 In contrast, although no significant difference was found between FH þ and FHÀ women, this study showed an increased diastolic BP response to exercise in FH þ þ compared with FHÀ women. Several methodological aspects may explain the differences between present and previous 37 studies.…”

Section: Pwvcontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…37 And third, we separately analysed women with one and two hypertensive parents, and found higher BP response to exercise only in women with two hypertensive parents; on the other hand, previous study analysed women with one and two hypertensive parents as a single group. 37 The most likely explanation to the increased BP response to exercise commonly found among normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents appears to be a failure to reduce total peripheral resistance. 40 Although the precise mechanism involved in this failure is not clearly understood, an increased activation of sympathetic nervous system may be a mechanism contributing to the exaggerated exercise BP, and may probably have a key role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.…”

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…32 Exercise stress response Several prospective studies have shown that an exaggerated BP response to exercise is a predictor of future hypertension. [33][34][35] Although negative finds exist, 36,37 some investigators have shown a greater BP response to exercise among normotensive offsprings of hypertensive parents compared with normotensive with normotensive parents. [38][39][40] However, almost all of the previous investigations analyzing exercise BP response among offspring of hypertensive parents have studied men 36,38,39 or have displayed its results by combining the genders.…”

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the present study analysed BP response during a GXT, whereas a low intensity (approximately 44% of VO 2PEAK ) submaximal exercise was carried out by the women of previous study. 37 Second, we confirm family history of hypertension by both checking physicians' records and measuring BP, but only physicians' records were used by previous study. 37 And third, we separately analysed women with one and two hypertensive parents, and found higher BP response to exercise only in women with two hypertensive parents; on the other hand, previous study analysed women with one and two hypertensive parents as a single group.…”

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 Second, we confirm family history of hypertension by both checking physicians' records and measuring BP, but only physicians' records were used by previous study. 37 And third, we separately analysed women with one and two hypertensive parents, and found higher BP response to exercise only in women with two hypertensive parents; on the other hand, previous study analysed women with one and two hypertensive parents as a single group. 37 The most likely explanation to the increased BP response to exercise commonly found among normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents appears to be a failure to reduce total peripheral resistance.…”

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haemodynamic, metabolic and neuro-humoral abnormalities in young normotensive women at high familial risk for hypertension

Ciolac

Bocchi²,

Bortolotto³

et al. 2010

J Hum Hypertens

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We analysed the haemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal status at rest and in response to exercise, in young normotensive women with two hypertensive parents (FH þ þ ; n ¼ 17; 25.1±4.8 years), one hypertensive parent (FH þ ; n ¼ 18; 24.9 ± 4.1 years) and normotensive parents (FHÀ; n ¼ 15; 25.3 ± 3.8 years). Casual and ambulatorial blood pressure (BP), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and biochemistry were analysed. BP, nor-epinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels were also analysed during a graded exercise test (GXT). Casual and ambulatorial BP were not different between groups, but PWV was 7.5 and 12.6% higher in FH þ þ than FH þ and FHÀ, respectively, and 4.8% higher in FH þ than FHÀ (Pp0.01). Insulin and insulin-to-glucose ratio were increased in FH þ þ and FH þ (Po0.05), and lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol tended to be higher only in FH þ þ (P ¼ 0.07). FH þ þ showed higher exercise and recovery diastolic BP and EPI levels, and increased resting, exercise and recovery NE, and ET-1 levels than FHÀ (Po0.05). FH þ showed only greater resting, exercise and recovery NE, and rest ET-1 (Po0.05). Resting, exercise and recovery NOx were lower in FH þ þ and FH þ than FHÀ (Po0.01). Haemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities were presented in nonhypertensive young women offspring of hypertensive parents before any increase in BP. Greater abnormalities were observed in women with a strong family history of hypertension (FH þ þ ). These results suggest that there is an early vascular, metabolic and hormonal involvement in a familial hypertensive disorder.

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Section: Pwvcontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Haemodynamic, metabolic and neuro-humoral abnormalities in young normotensive women at high familial risk for hypertension

Ciolac

Bocchi²,

Bortolotto³

et al. 2010

J Hum Hypertens

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Epidemiologic analysis of racial/ethnic disparities: Some fundamental issues and a cautionary example

Kaufman

2008

Social Science & Medicine

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Racial/ethnic health disparities are a primary focus of epidemiologic research, encompassing both sociological hypotheses about differential treatment as well as biomedical hypotheses about distinctive etiologic processes that might underlie observed disparities. These two main currents in disparities research are often pitted against one another as opposing paradigms. Despite contentious debate about the balance between these hypotheses in the etiology of existing disparities, one consideration that has been largely ignored is that there are important distinctions in the statistical justifications for these two types of inferences. In this article I review the foundations of causal inference in etiologic epidemiology as applied to studies of racial/ethnic health disparities. I describe normative applications of quantitative techniques for causal inference as they are practiced in research on discrimination in health care and also for research on innate predisposition. I then show why the latter is an injudicious application of this statistical methodology, and illustrate this point with the example of an influential study in the biomedical literature that purported to demonstrate a lesser response to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor therapy in black as compared with white patients with left ventricular dysfunction.

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The Relationship of Blood Pressure and Cortisol Reactivity to Family History of Hypertension of African American Adolescents

Covelli

2006

The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing

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Normal Exercise Blood Pressure Response in African-American Women with Parental History of Hypertension

Abstract: Background-Genetic and environmental hypotheses may explain why normotensive persons at high risk of developing hypertension often exhibit greater cardiovascular reactivity to stressors than those at low risk.

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Haemodynamic, metabolic and neuro-humoral abnormalities in young normotensive women at high familial risk for hypertension

Haemodynamic, metabolic and neuro-humoral abnormalities in young normotensive women at high familial risk for hypertension

Epidemiologic analysis of racial/ethnic disparities: Some fundamental issues and a cautionary example

The Relationship of Blood Pressure and Cortisol Reactivity to Family History of Hypertension of African American Adolescents

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