Normal hematological and plasma biochemical parameters of the captive bonnet monkey (Maccaca radiata)

Ramachandra, S. G.; Krishnamurthy, H.; Ravindranath, N. H.; Kt, Shetty

doi:10.1007/bf02557725

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are similar differences in macaques (Kessler and Rawlins, 1983;Ramachandra et al, 1998;Tattersall et al, 1981), chimpanzees (Howell et al, 2003), and humans, which Dacie and Lewis (1994) ascribed to estrogen suppression of erythropoiesis and menstrual blood loss. However, menstrual blood loss seems an unlikely explanation for the phenomenon in mandrills, because differences predate reproductive maturity, females rarely menstruate (87% of conceptions occur within the first 2 cycles after lactation, Setchell and Wickings, 2004b), and visible signs of menstruation are not always obvious.…”

Section: Influence Of Sexmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…They are also similar to the ones Anderson et al (2004) used in interspecific comparisons, though Semple (2002 reported lower counts for white cells and lymphocytes. Lymphocytes (which are involved in adaptive immunity and antigen recognition) and neutrophils (which defend against invading pathogens via nonspecific phagocytosis, Roitt et al, 1998) are equally represented among white cells in the CIRMF mandrills, whereas other studies of nonhuman primates show that neutrophils predominate (Ekanayake et al, 2003;Kessler and Rawlins, 1983;Ramachandra et al, 1998;Riviello and Wirz, 2001;Thierry, 1985). Other white cells were present at low percentages, as in other species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Hematology of a Semi-Free-Ranging Colony of Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)

et al. 2006

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We examined hematological parameters for a semifree-ranging population of mandrills to investigate the influence of age and sex, and to establish normative values for age-sex classes. We also investigated the influence of the reproductive cycle on hematological parameters in females and the influence of seasonality on both sexes. We examined hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, white cell count, red cell count, hematocrit, mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and differential white cell counts, with a total of 459 observations. Red cell counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit are significantly lower in females than in males, while female white cell counts are significantly higher. Platelet and white cell counts both decreased with age, while MCV and MCHC (males only) increased with age. Absolute lymphocyte counts also decreased with age. Female reproductive status had little effect on hematology, but melengestrol acetate contraceptive implants resulted in significant increases in hemoglobin, white cell count, red cell count, and hematocrit. Finally, lymphocyte counts increased significantly during the wet season in comparison with dry months, which may be related to increased parasite infection during the wet season. We compare our findings to those for other Setchell, Tshipamba, Bourry, Rouquet, Wickings, and Knapp species, and discuss age-sex patterns in light of mandrill life history. Our results demonstrate the importance of including age-sex class, female reproductive status, and season in studies of hematology and will be useful in further studies of the colony.

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Section: Influence Of Sexmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Hematology of a Semi-Free-Ranging Colony of Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)

et al. 2006

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“…We therefore focused on this aspect as a first step toward establishing the range of variations in hematological parameters for this species (particularly this population) under natural conditions, with the view that such data might serve as an adjunct diagnostic aid for the health of these animals. Furthermore, studies of other macaque species [Altshuler et al, 1971;Kessler & Rawlins, 1983;Perretta et al, 1991;Ramachandra et al, 1998] have shown marked species differences in average blood values, and comparable information from toque macaques, which are endemic to Sri Lanka, should broaden our knowledge of interspecific variation and adaptation within the genus Macaca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…With one exception [Tattersall et al, 1981], hematological studies of cercopithecine primates have dealt with either captive or colony-raised animals under controlled conditions of diet and health [Altshuler et al, 1971;Harewood et al, 1999Harewood et al, , 2000Kessler & Rawlins, 1983;Perretta et al, 1991;Ramachandra et al, 1998;Thierry et al, 2000]. In the present study we examined the blood values of a wild population of toque macaques (Macaca sinica sinica) that inhabits dry evergreen forest at Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematology of a natural population of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka

Ekanayake

Horadagoda

Sanjeevani

et al. 2003

American J Primatol

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Hematological studies were conducted in three wild groups of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) inhabiting the Polonnaruwa Sanctuary in northeastern Sri Lanka. The macaques were temporarily trapped and anesthetized, and femoral blood was drawn from 35 males and 37 females (age range: 0.33-24.5 yr). Statistically significant (P<0.05) differences were observed by sex for total plasma proteins (PP), and by age for red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), PP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), differential and absolute neutrophil counts, differential lymphocyte counts, and absolute eosinophil counts. In general, the results were similar to those reported for other species of colony-bred and free-ranging macaques. However, there also were differences. First, in contrast to earlier studies of nonhuman primates, we examined the hematology of infants. Compared to other age classes, infants (<1 yr old) had lower RBC, Hb, MCHC, and ESR values, and a higher MCV. These findings were similar to those obtained in human infants. Second, we observed variations in hematology among social groups in relation to their ecology. Two groups (IH3 and M3) had ready access to water throughout the dry season (the period of sampling), whereas the third group (J) did not. The Hb, RBC, and PP values obtained in groups IH3 and M3 were similar to those reported in other macaque species. However, these parameters in group J were significantly (P<0.01) higher, which suggests that this group (representing about 26% of the sample) had been dehydrated during the dry season. Finally, two indices indicative of injury and infection--the ESR and leukocyte counts--were higher in the wild toque macaques than has been reported for other species of macaques held in captivity, and about 15% of the toque macaques sampled had extreme outlier values for these parameters; however, none were visibly ill or died. These results suggest that wild toque macaques are subject to a wide array of physical and biological insults that are unique to natural populations.

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“…Bonnet monkeys ( Macaca radiata ) have been used as a model system for studies related to reproduction, immunology, nutrition and experimental pathology (12, 13). Because macaques resemble human beings closely and, in particular, bonnet monkeys have been shown to exhibit pathophysiological and clinical features comparable to that of humans (14), these animals may serve as an appropriate surrogate for human NAFLD.…”

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confidence: 99%