Normal MRI Appearance and Motion-Related Phenomena of CSF

Lisanti, Christopher J.; Carlin, C. E.; Banks, Kevin; Wang, David

doi:10.2214/ajr.05.0003

Cited by 68 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…CSF flow may induce dephasing-related signal loss particularly at the cerebral aqueduct [25]. Moreover an increased aqueductal flow void is frequently detected on the MR images of patients with communicating hydrocephalus [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracranial cerebrospinal fluid spaces imaging using a pulse-triggered three-dimensional turbo spin echo MR sequence with variable flip-angle distribution

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracranial cerebrospinal fluid spaces imaging using a pulse-triggered three-dimensional turbo spin echo MR sequence with variable flip-angle distribution

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…13C-14C). The lack of CSF signal in the mesencephalic aqueduct represents a flow artifact secondary to pulsatile CSF flow (Feinberg and Mark, 1987;Malko et al, 1988;Lisanti et al, 2007). The fourth ventricle was visualized as a tent-like structure just dorsal of the reticular formation and ended at the obex (Figs.…”

Section: Neuroanatomical Atlas From Magnetic Resonance Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomy and Volumes of Brain Structures of a Live California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) From Magnetic Resonance Images

Montie

Pussini

Schneider

et al. 2009

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) has been a focal point for sensory, communication, cognition, and neurological disease studies in marine mammals. However, as a scientific community, we lack a noninvasive approach to investigate the anatomy and size of brain structures in this species and other free-ranging, live marine mammals. In this article, we provide the first anatomically labeled, magnetic resonance imagingbased atlas derived from a live marine mammal, the California sea lion. The brain of the California seal lion contained more secondary gyri and sulci than the brains of terrestrial carnivores. The olfactory bulb was present but small. The hippocampus of the California sea lion was found mostly in the ventral position with very little extension dorsally, quite unlike the canids and the mustelids, in which the hippocampus is present in the ventral position but extends dorsally above the thalamus. In contrast to the canids and the mustelids, the pineal gland of the California sea lion was strikingly large. In addition, we report three-dimensional reconstructions and volumes of cerebrospinal fluid, cerebral ventricles, total white matter (WM), total gray matter (GM), cerebral hemispheres (WM and GM), cerebellum and brainstem combined (WM and GM), and hippocampal structures all derived from magnetic resonance images. These measurements are the first to be determined for any pinniped species. In California sea lions, this approach can be used not only to relate cognitive and sensory capabilities to brain size but also to investigate the neurological effects of exposure to neurotoxins such as domoic acid. Anat Rec, 292:1523Rec, 292: -1547Rec, 292: , 2009

show abstract

“…Normal CSF shows low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI. Depending on various factors (e. g. pulsation of heart and vessels, breathing, width of the spinal canal, examined region) however, the CSF signal is altered by flow phenomena which result in a mostly dark signal on T2 which can significantly compromise image interpretation [15]. In the upper cervical spine CSF flow rates can reach up to 40 % of rates seen in the internal carotid arteries [16] causing significant motion-related alterations in CSF signal.…”

Section: Neuroradiology 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These effects are more pronounced the faster the flow, the thinner the slices and the longer TE. Furthermore, they are maximized in the image plane perpendicular to the flow and for these reasons are mostly seen in the axial plane with predominance in the cervical and thoracic spine [15].…”

Section: Neuroradiology 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

BLADE Sequences in Transverse T2-weighted MR Imaging of the Cervical Spine. Cut-off for Artefacts?

Finkenzeller

Wendl

Lenhart

et al. 2014

Fortschr Röntgenstr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: The BLADE (PROPELLER) technique reduces artefacts in imaging of the cervical spine in sagittal orientation, but till now failed to do so in axial orientation, because here it increased through plane CSF-flow artefacts, which spoiled the benefit of BLADE artefact reduction ?in plane?. The aim of this study was to compare a BLADE sequence with optimised measurement parameters in axial orientation to T2-TSE. Materials and Methods: Both sequences were compared in 58 patients with 31 discal, 16 bony and 11 spinal cord lesions. Image sharpness, reliability of spinal cord depiction, CSF flow artefacts and lesion detection were evaluated by 3?independent observers. Additionally the observers were asked which sequence they would prefer for diagnostic workup.?Statistical evaluations were performed using sign and ?2 test. Results: BLADE was significantly superior concerning image sharpness, spinal cord depiction and overall lesion detection. BLADE was rated better for most pathologies, for bony lesions the differences compared with TSE were statistically significant. Regarding CSF-flow artefacts both sequences showed no difference. All readers preferred BLADE in side by side reading. Conclusion: An optimised axial T2 BLADE sequence decreases the problems of increased through plane CSF-flow artefacts in this orientation. By reducing various other artefacts it yields better image quality and has the potential to reduce the number of non-diagnostic examinations especially in uncooperative patients. Key points: ??T2 BLADE/PROPELLER sequences proofed to reduce artefacts in sagittal spine imaging ??BLADE/PROPELLER improve image quality, but can aggravate CSF flow artefacts in axial orientation ??optimised parameter setting for axial T2 BLADE reduces ?through-plane? CSF artefacts aggravation ??optimised axial T2 BLADE reduces non-diagnostic examinations especially in uncooperative patients Citation Format: ??Finkenzeller T, Wendl CM, Lenhart S et?al. BLADE Sequences in Transverse T2-weighted MR Imaging of the Cervical Spine. Cut-off for Artefacts?. Fortschr R?ntgenstr 2015; 187: 102???108

show abstract

Normal MRI Appearance and Motion-Related Phenomena of CSF

Abstract: Normal CSF has inherent MRI properties of low signal intensity on T1-weighted sequences and high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences. However, the normal CSF signal is frequently altered by superimposed flow phenomena that can confound interpretation.

Cited by 68 publications

References 6 publications

Intracranial cerebrospinal fluid spaces imaging using a pulse-triggered three-dimensional turbo spin echo MR sequence with variable flip-angle distribution

Intracranial cerebrospinal fluid spaces imaging using a pulse-triggered three-dimensional turbo spin echo MR sequence with variable flip-angle distribution

Neuroanatomy and Volumes of Brain Structures of a Live California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) From Magnetic Resonance Images

BLADE Sequences in Transverse T2-weighted MR Imaging of the Cervical Spine. Cut-off for Artefacts?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About