Normal spatial orthogonal vectorcardiographic data

Influence of Posterobasal Myocardial Infarction (PBMI) on the QRS and T Wave Amplitude in the Limb and V₆ Leads

“…The observed in creases of the R wave in lead V2 always took place at the expense of the posteriorly oriented forces (S wave in lead V2). Simonson [12], except for azimuth [2] and elevation [1] angles. Amplitudes in mm (0.1 mV) …”

“…The purpose of this comparison was to determine the rale of amplitude loss in the limb and V, leads after a PBMI. The QRS amplitude data showed two different trends: (1) In the cases where the PBMI was either pure or combined with a minimal inferior wall involvement, the QRS amplitude loss in the limb and V" Influence of P o stero b asal M yocardial Infarction (PBMI) 2 5 5 leads was the result of both an amplitude loss in general (spatial QRS amplitude) and of an anterior shift of the vectors of the middle time-area of ventricular depolarisation; (2) When the PBMI coexisted with a lateral wall infarction, the amplitude loss could be attributed only to a marked anlerior shift of the mid depolarization vectors which brought their direction almost perpendicular to the frontal plane. The T wave vector analysis showed its direction nearly perpen dicular to the frontal plane and its sense pointing anteriorly (azimuth about +90°, elevation about 0°).…”

“…For this reason, the various T wave amplitude and orientation parameters of the ECG taken one month after the appearance of the PBMI were compared with the normal mean values reported by Simonson [12] for the age group of 40-59 years, the older group in the study. As normal mean azimuth and elevation angles, the values reported by Chou [2] and Beswick [1] were used.…”

“…Its azimuth angle was in all cases hut one (5) close to 90° (mean normal +35° [2], while its elevation was again in all but case 5 close to the 0 (zero) parallel (mean normal -29° [1] (table III and fig. 2, 3).…”

Posterior ECG: Producing a new electrocardiogram signal from vectorcardiogram using partial linear transformation

“…Although the information contained in VCG leads has been found useful in many applications [5], the 12-lead ECG has remained the preferred lead system in the clinical environments due to the existence of well-established criteria for its interpretation. However, lately the synthesizing of VCG from standard 12-lead ECG has been implemented with success [6][7], and synthesized VCG has contributed to improved detection of certain electrocardiographic abnormalities. VCG determines the direction and magnitude of the heart's electrical forces.…”