Normal Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Activity in Plasma from Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Am, Vicari; S, Viganò D'Angelo; Testa, S.; Comı, Gıancarlo; Galardi, Giuseppe; Orsi, Emanuela; D’Angelo, Armando

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1003378

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Notably, individuals with type II diabetes show elevated levels of PAI-I 22 ; in contrast, PAI-1 levels in type I diabetes are normal. 23 An increased frequency of healed myocardial infarction and cardiomegaly suggests that the mechanism of sudden death may differ between diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Specifically, the high rate of healed infarcts suggests a propensity for arrhythmia in type II diabetic subjects.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologic Findings of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques in Diabetics

Burke

Kolodgie²,

Zieske³

et al. 2004

ATVB

473

338

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Objective-Coronary atherosclerotic plaque composition of diabetic subjects and localization of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligands have not been extensively studied. Method and Results-Hearts from diabetic subjects and age, race, and sex-matched nondiabetic subjects dying suddenly were examined. Coronary arteries were dissected and lesions were evaluated for plaque burden, necrotic core size, and inflammatory infiltrate. The expression of RAGE, the RAGE-binding protein (S100-A12, EN-RAGE), and cell death (apoptosis) were also determined. Lesions from type II diabetic subjects had larger mean necrotic cores (Pϭ0.01) and greater total and distal plaque load (PϽ0.001) than nondiabetic subjects. Necrotic core size correlated positively with diabetic status, independent of other risk factors. Intimal staining for macrophages, T-cells, and HLA-DR was also significantly greater in diabetic subjects (Pϭ0.03, Pϭ0.003, and PϽ0.0001), respectively. The association of increased macrophage infiltrate was independent of cholesterol levels and patient age. Expression of RAGE and EN-RAGE was significantly greater in diabetic subjects (Pϭ0.004) and was associated with apoptotic smooth muscle cells and macrophages. Conclusion-In sudden coronary death, inflammation and necrotic core size play a greater role in the progression of atherosclerosis in diabetic subjects.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologic Findings of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques in Diabetics

Burke

Kolodgie²,

Zieske³

et al. 2004

ATVB

473

338

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“…In several studies activity of the fibrinolytic system in diabetics was found to be increased [16][17][18], decreased [19][20][21] or unchanged [22]. However, most studies indicate hypofibrinolysis leading to increased coagulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Parameters in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Vascular Complications

Erem¹,

Hacıhasanoğlu²,

Çeli̇k³

et al. 2004

Med Princ Pract

100

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Objectives: To investigate the markers of endogenous coagulation/fibrinolysis and vascular endothelial cell function, and to assess the relationships between hemostatic parameters and diabetic vascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters were measured in 92 type 2 diabetic patients (43 male, 49 female, mean age 50.1 ± 13.4 years) with (n = 44) and without (n = 48) vascular diabetic complications, and in 40 nondiabetic healthy subjects (20 male, 20 female, mean age 49.8 ± 15.1 years). Common lipid parameters were also measured. Results: The plasma levels of fibrinogen, antithrombin III (AT III), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity and prothrombin time were found to be significantly increased in the type 2 diabetic patients compared with the healthy subjects. Glycosylated hemoglobin lc was inversely correlated with plasma protein S and activated prothrombin time. Protein C and S activities were positively correlated with plasma vWF activity, and were negatively correlated with plasma t-PA levels. vWF activity was negatively correlated with plasma t-PA levels. AT III levels were positively correlated with plasma total cholesterol levels, plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, plasma triglycerides and D-dimer levels. Plasma PAI-1 levels and factor V activity in diabetic patients with microvascular complications were significantly higher than those of the diabetic patients without microvascular complications. The plasma PAI-1 and platelet count were increased in patients with diabetic retinopathy compared with the diabetic patients without retinopathy. Plasma PAI-1 levels and factor VII activity were significantly higher in the diabetic patients with nephropathy than in diabetic patients without nephropathy. Plasma concentrations of fibrinogen and PAI-1 were significantly higher in the diabetic patients with neuropathy than the diabetic patients without neuropathy. Conclusions: The data demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had a hypercoagulable state and hypofibrinolysis, thereby indicating that activation of coagulation with a reduced fibrinolytic activity may contribute to the increased risk of vascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients.

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“…However, other factors may play an important role (17). Previous studies in subjects with type 1 diabetes have shown an enhanced fibrinolytic activity and lower levels of PAI-1 with diabetic retinopathy (18,19), while others found no significant relationship (20)(21)(22). In subjects with type 2 diabetes, results have also been inconsistent, with some studies showing reduced fibrinolysis and others showing enhanced fibrinolysis (23)(24)(25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Diabetic Retinopathy, Promoter (4G/5G) Polymorphism of PAI-1 Gene, and PAI-1 Activity in Pima Indians With Type 2 Diabetes

Nagi

McCormack²,

Mohamed‐Ali³

et al. 1997

Diabetes Care

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Although diabetic retinopathy in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes is not associated with PAI-1 activity, subjects with the 4G/4G and 4G/5G genotype had a higher prevalence of retinopathy compared with 5G/5G PAI-1genotype. These preliminary findings indicate that in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes, presence of the 4G allele of the PAI-1 gene was associated with a higher risk of diabetic retinopathy.

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Normal Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Activity in Plasma from Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Morphologic Findings of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques in Diabetics

Morphologic Findings of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques in Diabetics

Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Parameters in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Vascular Complications

Diabetic Retinopathy, Promoter (4G/5G) Polymorphism of PAI-1 Gene, and PAI-1 Activity in Pima Indians With Type 2 Diabetes

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