Normal weight obesity and the risk of diabetes in Chinese people: a 9-year population-based cohort study

Shu, Xu; Ming, Jie; Jia, Ai‐Qun; Yu, Xuefeng; Cai, Jing; Jing, Ce; Li, Chun; Ji, Qiuhe

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85573-z

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In our meta‐analysis, the NWO group was significantly associated with DM, higher levels of fasting, 2 h post‐prandial plasma glucose, HbA1c and fasting insulin. Consistently, a longitudinal cohort study showed that NWO increases the risk of DM 57 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with normal weight obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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Summary Normal weight obesity (NWO) is a new emerging phenotype of obesity, defined as a normal body mass index with a high body fat percentage. While several studies have described the impact of NWO on cardiometabolic risk factors, the association between them remains uncertain. This meta‐analysis systematically evaluated cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with NWO compared to adults with normal weight lean (NWL). A systematic literature search was performed from the inception until September 21, 2021 in order to comprehensively search for all observational studies that had three important variables, including adults (age ≥18 years old), NWO and cardiometabolic risk factors including metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia or all laboratory findings related to cardiometabolic risk factors. Twenty‐four cross‐sectional studies with a total of 75 201 subjects are included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. Overall, older age and female sex are more likely in NWO population. Compared to NWL, NWO is significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.24 [1.74, 2.89]; p < .001; I2 = 76%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001), hypertension (OR = 1.60[1.36, 1.89]; p < .001; I2 = 76%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.72[1.54, 1.92]; p < .001; I2 = 47%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001), dyslipidaemia (OR = 1.50 [1.03, 2.18]; p = .03; I2 = 94%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001) and other laboratory findings, except for C‐reactive protein in both sexes group; and adiponectin levels in female group. Our meta‐analysis showed that NWO was associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. Thus, the traditional definition of obesity using the BMI criteria should be challenged, as those with NWO might still be exposed to a heightened risk of cardiometabolic disorders. Nonetheless, further prospective cohort studies are needed better to understand this syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Consistently, a longitudinal cohort study showed that NWO increases the risk of DM. 57 Regarding hypertension in the NWO group, several pathological mechanisms are considered responsible. 58 Systemic inflammation related to obesity could induce vasoconstriction through the vascular endothelium's reduced nitric oxide (NO) production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with normal weight obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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“…According to a previous review [ 24 , 25 , 31 – 48 ] and our current study [ 22 , 23 , 30 ], the following variables were considered candidate predictors to judge a patient with or without metabolism: age, sex, education level, smoking history, physical activity history, family history of metabolic disorders (abbreviated as family history), SBP, DBP, WC, HC, WHR, WHtR, BRI, BMI, PBF, ABSI, CUN_BAE, BAI, C-Index, and AVI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A total of 1072 participants were included in phase 3 follow-up surveys. Relevant information on the dataset can be found in our previous studies [ 22 , 23 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent studies have found that people with normal BMI still have a risk of Mets [ 20 , 21 ]. Our previous studies have also found that normal weight obesity (NWO) populations have a risk of long-term cardiovascular disease and diabetes [ 22 , 23 ]. It is obvious that the use of BMI alone to assess the risk of metabolic syndrome is flawed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using noninvasive anthropometric indices to develop and validate a predictive model for metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: a nationwide study

Wang

Ming

et al. 2022

BMC Endocr Disord

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Purpose Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is a pathological condition that includes many abnormal metabolic components and requires a simple detection method for rapid use in a large population. The aim of the study was to develop a diagnostic model for Mets in a Chinese population with noninvasive anthropometric and demographic predictors. Patients and methods Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen predictors. A large sample from the China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Survey (CNDMDS) was used to develop the model with logistic regression, and internal, internal-external and external validation were conducted to evaluate the model performance. A score calculator was developed to display the final model. Results We evaluated the discrimination and calibration of the model by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curve analysis. The area under the ROC curves (AUCs) and the Brier score of the original model were 0.88 and 0.122, respectively. The mean AUCs and the mean Brier score of 10-fold cross validation were 0.879 and 0.122, respectively. The mean AUCs and the mean Brier score of internal–external validation were 0.878 and 0.121, respectively. The AUCs and Brier score of external validation were 0.862 and 0.133, respectively. Conclusions The model developed in this study has good discrimination and calibration performance. Its stability was proved by internal validation, external validation and internal-external validation. Then, this model has been displayed by a calculator which can exhibit the specific predictive probability for easy use in Chinese population.

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Impact of exercise intervention with or without curcumin supplementation on body fat composition, glucose, and lipid metabolism in obese adults: A meta‐analysis

Li,

Guo,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Lipids

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This study was carried out to systematically review and evaluate the influence of exercise with and without curcumin on body fat composition, glucose, and lipid metabolism in obese adults. Search for eligible studies through four databases, and then proceed with screening. The inclusion criteria are as follows: (1) obese adults; (2) randomized controlled trial (RCT); (3) classified the exercise intervention with curcumin supplementation as the exercise with curcumin (CU) group and without curcumin supplementation as the exercise without curcumin (EX) group; (4) Conducted pre‐ and post‐training assessments, which include body fat composition, glucose and lipid metabolism parameters. Use the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool to evaluate the quality of the selected study. Select standardized mean difference (SMD) as the appropriate effect scale index, and use Revman 5.4 software to analyze the mean difference of the selected article data with a 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of seven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected for the meta‐analysis. The included studies involved 72 males and 111 females, where 94 belonged to the EX group and 89 from the CU group. The CU group benefited more from the reduced Fat% (SMD, 2.18 [0.12, 4.24], p < 0.05, I2 = 0%, p for heterogeneity = 0.98) than the EX group. The study demonstrated that the combined exercise intervention with curcumin supplementation significantly reduced Fat% in obese adults compared with exercise without supplementing curcumin.

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Normal weight obesity and the risk of diabetes in Chinese people: a 9-year population-based cohort study

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with normal weight obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with normal weight obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Using noninvasive anthropometric indices to develop and validate a predictive model for metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: a nationwide study

Impact of exercise intervention with or without curcumin supplementation on body fat composition, glucose, and lipid metabolism in obese adults: A meta‐analysis

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