Normality Tests for Statistical Analysis: A Guide for Non-Statisticians

Ghasemi, Asghar; Zahediasl, Saleh

doi:10.5812/ijem.3505

Cited by 2,901 publications

(1,874 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Parada dalam Hamburger, et.al. (2011) (Ghazemi & Zahediasl, 2012). Nilai p-value APRI dalam penelitian ini adalah 0.06 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa distribusi nilai APRI merupakan distribusi normal.…”

Section: Hasilunclassified

Hubungan Sense of Self dengan Kecenderungan Perilaku Bullying pada Siswa SMA di Jakarta

Irel¹

2017

psiko

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Section: Hasilunclassified

Hubungan Sense of Self dengan Kecenderungan Perilaku Bullying pada Siswa SMA di Jakarta

Irel¹

2017

psiko

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“…Though, in order to reduce any misleading assumption on the distribution of data, the research embarked on checking the normality of data. Additionally, since normality will determine appropriate inference's tests to be conducted afterward (either parametric test or non-parametric test), the research chose histogram analysis, skewness and kurtosis analysis, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) and Shapiro-Wilk (S-W) test as the basis for determining normality [12]. In histogram analysis, graphical representation by using histogram that is being superimposed by the theoretical normal distribution curve provides useful information on normality of the data.…”

Section: Data Screening Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K-S and S-W) are established tests for normality that take into account for both Skewness and Kurtosis simultaneously [12]. It was designed to test normality by comparing original data to a normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation of observed sample.…”

Section: Data Screening Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance Level of Construction Managers’ Technical Competency Across Different Contractors’ Demographics in Malaysia

2017

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Abstract. It is undeniable that construction managers play a significant role within construction phase, especially when they are representing construction contractor, one of the key stakeholders within construction project's realm. Reliance towards their technical competency is very much needed for a successfulness of a construction project. Unfortunately, a lot of recurring issues pertaining to their technical incompetency are shrouding the industry. Non-existence of term of reference for construction manager's technical competency profile is dictated as a major setback. Thus, a dedicated and comprehensive research exploration is conducted in order to bridge the gap through establishment of particular competency. Hence, in this instalment, the authors postulated a question of 'how?' which pillars on items' importance level and correlation among different contractors' demographics. Initially, data screening processes over outliers test, reliability test, and normality test were conducted. After that, the importance of technical competency for construction manager was analysed based on their central tendency (i.e. means). Finally, Spearman correlation analysis is directed towards observed ranks from diverse contractors' demographics. In a nutshell, data was free from any extreme outlier and reported high reliability value. However, data was measured as non-normal in nature. Meanwhile, through means, majority of macro items (16 items) were in a range of important (4.00) to very important (5.00). Towards the end, findings for Spearman correlation analysis were mostly leaning towards moderate and strong association's strength across different clusters of diverse contractors' demographics. Nevertheless, there were evidences that major variability of findings for both tests is exhibited through contractors' grades. Therefore, succeeding in-depth quantitative analysis is paramount in order to pin-point significant values onto each individual item.

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“…The symptom score was determined by using the Childhood Asthma Control Test: C-ACT. [8] This test consists of seven questions related to the last four weeks, of which four are to be answered by the child and three by the parents. The total score can range from 0-27.…”

Section: World Journal Of Pharmaceutical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The C-ACT is a validated test to assess asthma control and identify children with inadequately controlled asthma. [8] The children were started on treatment according to GINA guidelines. 7 Metered dose inhaler or rotahaler was used to deliver beta 2 agonists and steroids.…”

Section: World Journal Of Pharmaceutical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%