Normative data for three tests of visuocognitive function in primary school children: cross-sectional study

Williams, Cathy; Gilchrist, Iain D.; Fraser, Sue; McCarthy, HM; Parker, Julie; Warnes, Penny; Young, Jill; Hyvärinen, Lea

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305868

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Children with CVI often present with visual perceptual difficulties. A wide range of tests are available to examine aspects of visual perception, e.g., tests of visual memory and attention 39,73–76 . Use of tests to measure various aspects of visual perception were reported in 12 articles (26.1%) in the present review.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A wide range of tests are available to examine aspects of visual perception, e.g., tests of visual memory and attention. 39,[73][74][75][76] Use of tests to measure various aspects of visual perception were reported in 12 articles (26.1%) in the present review. The L94 visual perception battery 47 was the most frequently reported (n = 4).…”

Section: Visual Perception Testsmentioning

confidence: 84%

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What assessments are currently used to investigate and diagnose cerebral visual impairment (CVI) in children? A systematic review

McConnell

Saunders

Little

2020

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is the leading cause of childhood visual impairment in the developed world. Despite this, there are no agreed clinical guidelines for the investigation and diagnosis of the condition. Before development of such guidelines can commence, it is important to recognise which approaches are currently employed. This systematic review evaluated the literature to identify which methods of assessment are currently used to investigate and diagnose childhood CVI. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched in January 2020 using defined search terms. Articles were included if they: (i) were research papers, conference abstracts or research protocols published in peer‐reviewed scientific journals, or relevant textbooks; (ii) included a clinical investigation of CVI in children; (iii) provided an explanation or criteria to diagnose CVI and (iv) were specifically investigating cerebral/cortical visual impairment. Methods used to a) assess and b) diagnose CVI were extracted from included articles. ‘Assessment scores’ were assigned for each method employed by researchers to investigate and diagnose CVI to quantify and compare approaches between articles. A quality grading was also applied to each article. Results Of 6454 identified articles, 45 met the inclusion criteria. From these, 10 categories of assessment utilised within included articles were identified: (1) Medical history, (2) Vision assessment/ophthalmologic examination, (3) Neuroimaging, (4) Visual behaviour and direct observation, (5) Structured history‐taking, (6) Visual perception tests, (7) Ocular movement and posture assessment, (8) Intelligence/IQ assessment, (9) Clinical electrophysiology and (10) Neurodevelopmental tests. In terms of diagnostic criteria, the most commonly reported approach was one of exclusion, i.e., CVI was diagnosed when visual dysfunction could not be attributed to abnormalities detected in the anterior visual pathway. Conclusion There is a lack of common practice in the approaches used by clinicians to investigate and diagnose CVI in children. At present, a ‘diagnosis of exclusion’ remains the most common means to diagnose CVI. Development of clinical guidelines for assessment and diagnosis are necessary to ensure consistency in the diagnosis of CVI and the timely implementation of support to alleviate the impact of CVI on the child’s daily living.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Visual Perception Testsmentioning

confidence: 84%

What assessments are currently used to investigate and diagnose cerebral visual impairment (CVI) in children? A systematic review

McConnell

Saunders

Little

2020

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…Visual inattention on each side of the field of vision was assessed using simultaneous confrontation. Visual perception and visual guidance of movement were examined using the Lea Rectangle and Lea Mailbox tests 9 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual perception and visual guidance of movement were examined using the Lea Rectangle and Lea Mailbox tests. 9…”

Section: Ophthalmological Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical use of the Insight Inventory in cerebral visual impairment and the effectiveness of tailored habilitational strategies

Tsirka

Liasis

Kuczynski

et al. 2020

Develop Med Child Neuro

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AIM To investigate the utility of the Insight Inventory (a structured clinical inventory completed by caregivers) for assessment of children with cerebral visual impairment; and to investigate effectiveness of tailored habilitational strategies derived from the responses to the Insight Inventory. METHOD Fifty-one eligible children (26 males, 25 females; mean age 9y 5mo, SD 3y, range 5-16y) were recruited from Great Ormond Street Hospital, London. They underwent baseline assessment including neuro-ophthalmological and neuropsychological evaluations, and parent-and child-reported ratings on a questionnaire-based measure of quality of life. Parents also completed the Insight Inventory. On the basis of responses to the Inventory, families received individualized habilitational strategies. Follow-up assessments 6 months later included repeating the Insight Inventory and quality of life questionnaires. RESULTS Correlations were found between the Insight Inventory and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition, the Beery-Buktenica Test of Visual-Motor Integration, and the Benton Facial Recognition Test, suggesting that the Insight Inventory is an effective tool to estimate visual-perceptual difficulties. At 6 months follow-up, caregiver reports indicated significant improvements in the quality of life of children below the age of 12 years. INTERPRETATION The Insight Inventory is a simple questionnaire which covers practical aspects of cognitive visual function in everyday life. It provides in-depth information about the aspects that children struggle with. It can also guide programmes of individualized habilitation strategies, which may enhance the quality of life of younger children.

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“…This approach has been used previously with static Gabor patches to modulate contour visibility. 49 – 53 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motion Processing Deficits in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment and Good Visual Acuity

Chandna

Nichiporuk

Nicholas

et al. 2021

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Normative data for three tests of visuocognitive function in primary school children: cross-sectional study

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

What assessments are currently used to investigate and diagnose cerebral visual impairment (CVI) in children? A systematic review

What assessments are currently used to investigate and diagnose cerebral visual impairment (CVI) in children? A systematic review

Clinical use of the Insight Inventory in cerebral visual impairment and the effectiveness of tailored habilitational strategies

Motion Processing Deficits in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment and Good Visual Acuity

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