Normative NeuroFlexor data for detection of spasticity after stroke: a cross-sectional study

Pennati, Gaia Valentina; Plantin, Jeanette; Borg, Jörgen; Lindberg, Påvel G.

doi:10.1186/s12984-016-0133-x

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Nonetheless, even often-used measures have their limitations: these concern the psychometric properties (validity, reliability, objectivity and sensitivity) as well as the feasibility (cost-effectiveness, ease of administration, relevance for target population and for clinical and scientific question). For example, the measurement properties of the Ashworth scale are problematic: it is not considered a good measure of spasticity since the test is not objective, lacks a velocity component, and results in both false positives and false negatives, even in experienced raters [ 33 ]. The FMT, ARAT and MAS are ordinal scales where ceiling and floor effects are present [ 14 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2016

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BackgroundEstablishing which upper limb outcome measures are most commonly used in stroke studies may help in improving consensus among scientists and clinicians.ObjectiveIn this study we aimed to identify the most commonly used upper limb outcome measures in intervention studies after stroke and to describe domains covered according to ICF, how measures are combined, and how their use varies geographically and over time.MethodsPubmed, CinHAL, and PeDRO databases were searched for upper limb intervention studies in stroke according to PRISMA guidelines and477 studies were included.ResultsIn studies 48different outcome measures were found. Only 15 of these outcome measures were used in more than 5% of the studies. The Fugl-Meyer Test (FMT)was the most commonly used measure (in 36% of studies). Commonly used measures covered ICF domains of body function and activity to varying extents. Most studies (72%) combined multiple outcome measures: the FMT was often combined with the Motor Activity Log (MAL), the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Action Research Arm Test, but infrequently combined with the Motor Assessment Scale or the Nine Hole Peg Test. Key components of manual dexterity such as selective finger movements were rarely measured. Frequency of use increased over a twelve-year period for the FMT and for assessments of kinematics, whereas other measures, such as the MAL and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Test showed decreased use over time. Use varied largely between countries showing low international consensus.ConclusionsThe results showed a large diversity of outcome measures used across studies. However, a growing number of studies used the FMT, a neurological test with good psychometric properties. For thorough assessment the FMT needs to be combined with functional measures. These findings illustrate the need for strategies to build international consensus on appropriate outcome measures for upper limb function after stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2016

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“…Occurrence of activity limitations and impairments in the upper extremity of the gloved hand are shown in Table II. Except for a lower BI score and grip strength among (28). Gross manual dexterity was assessed with the Box and Block Test (BBT), and impairment level was set based on adult norms (women < 66 blocks right and < 64 blocks left and men < 63 blocks right and < 68 blocks left) (29).…”

Section: Participants' Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the usability of an assistive soft robotic glove after stroke or multiple sclerosis

Palmcrantz¹,

Plantin²,

Borg³

2020

J Rehabil Med

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To explore factors impacting on the usability of an assistive soft robotic glove in the home setting after stroke or multiple sclerosis. Twenty participants living with the effects of stroke or multiple sclerosis used the assistive glove in the home for 6 weeks. Perceived usability was reported in weekly telephone interviews and one semistructured interview. Functioning was clinically assessed. Perceived beneficial effects were a sustained and strong grip. Reported disadvantages were a lack of assistance in opening the hand, lack of wrist support, and the glove not being usable for fine hand use. The glove was found to be useful mainly by participants with moderate limitations in hand activity and an overall level of functioning that allowed participation in everyday life activities. This study identified a subgroup of participants, who found the glove useful in activities requiring a strong and prolonged grip but not for fine hand use, and highlights aspects for consideration in the further development of soft hand robotics for sustained use in a larger population living with a central nervous system lesion. Objective: To explore the usability and effects of an assistive soft robotic glove in the home setting after stroke or multiple sclerosis. Design: A mixed methods design. Methods: Participants with stroke (n = 10) or multiple sclerosis (n = 10) were clinically assessed, and instructed to use the glove in activities of daily living for 6 weeks. They reported their experience of using the glove via weekly telephone interviews and one semi-structured interview. Results: The soft robotic glove was used by participants in a wide variety of activities of daily living. Perceived beneficial effects while using the glove were a sustained and a strong grip. Disadvantages of using the glove were a lack of assistance in hand opening function and the glove not being usable for fine hand use. The glove was found to be useful by two-thirds of participants who completed the study, mainly by participants with moderate limitations in hand activity and an overall level of functioning that allowed participation in everyday life activities. Conclusion: This study identified a subgroup of participants, who found the glove useful in activities requiring a strong and prolonged grip but not fine hand use, and highlights aspects for consideration in the further development of soft hand robotics for sustained use in a larger population living with a central nervous system lesion.

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“…The EC and VC, which are the non-neural components of muscle spasticity, can be estimated during slow movement (recommended at 5 /s) and fast movement (236 /s), respectively. 49 The EC and VC are also force data collected from the same press sensor under the platform of the NeuroFlexor device. Elasticity is a length-dependent resistance that increases as muscles and tendons are stretched.…”

Section: Indirect Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a healthy person, the mean EC and VC values are 2.7 AE 1.1 and 0.3 AE 0.3 N, respectively. 49 Thus, these values are indirect measurements compared with other methods that are used to directly measure and describe muscle properties.…”

Section: Indirect Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies were performed by the developers of the NeuroFlexor, who claimed that the NeuroFlexor model allows valid measurement of upper limb spasticity and can separate the NC from the EC and VC. 48,49 G€ averth et al 50 found that the sensitivity of the NeuroFlexor device was adequate for detection of alterations of spasticity after treatment with botulinum toxin type A. Besides direct testing, the biomechanical model can also be used to verify the NeuroFlexor method.…”

Section: Indirect Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced quantitative estimation methods for spasticity: a literature review

Luo

Bian

et al. 2019

J Int Med Res

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Post-stroke spasticity seriously affects patients’ quality of life. Spasticity is considered to involve both neural and non-neural factors. Current clinical scales, such as the Modified Ashworth Scale and the Modified Tardieu Scale, lack reliability and reproducibility. These scales are also unable to identify the neural and non-neural contributions to spasticity. Surface electromyography and biomechanical and myotonometry measurement methods for post-stroke spasticity are discussed in this report. Surface electromyography can provide neural information, while myotonometry can estimate muscular properties. Both the neural and non-neural contributions can be estimated by biomechanical measurement. These laboratory methods can quantitatively assess spasticity. They can provide more valuable information for further study on treatment and rehabilitation than clinical scales.

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Normative NeuroFlexor data for detection of spasticity after stroke: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review

Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review

Factors affecting the usability of an assistive soft robotic glove after stroke or multiple sclerosis

Advanced quantitative estimation methods for spasticity: a literature review

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