Normative Values for Tonsils in Pediatric Populations Based on Ultrasonography

Hong, Hyun Sook; Lee, Ji Ye; Jeong, Sun Hye

doi:10.1002/jum.14513

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, Wang et al study reported a larger objective tonsil volume in obese children compared with control participants. However, a study by Hong et al that used USG reported that the tonsil dimension and volume increased with age but not with weight or height. According to these results, more research is necessary about the effect of obesity on tonsil volumes, and USG can be used for this purpose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have been reported to have successful results, especially in the diagnosis of peritonsillar abscesses, the use of those methods is limited because of radiation exposure, sedation necessity in children, and high costs. Ultrasonography (USG) has been used in only a limited number of studies of tonsil tissue assessments despite high patient compliance, low cost, and its nonradioactive nature . Also, those studies included only the pediatric population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Tonsil Volume With Transcervical Ultrasonography in Both Children and Adults

Mengi

Sağtaş

Kara

2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives To investigate the success of ultrasonography (USG) in the objective measurement of palatin tonsil volume in both children and adults and to compare those results with clinical findings. Methods Eighty‐five patients, who were scheduled to undergo tonsillectomy with the indications of recurrent tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, were included in the study. The tonsil grades of the patients were recorded according to the Friedman tonsil grading. The tonsil size and volume were measured with transcervical USG. After tonsillectomy, the volumes of the tonsils were calculated by the displacement method. The correlation between the obtained data was evaluated. In all analyses, P < .05 was accepted as a statistical level of significance. Results Fifty children and 35 adults were included in the study. In children, the mean actual volume ± SD of 100 tonsils was measured as 3.5 ± 1.45 mL, and the USG volume was 3.67 ± 1.59 mL; a high correlation was found between both methods (r = 0.842; P < .05). In adults, the mean actual volume of 70 tonsils was measured as 5.15 ± 2.25 mL, and the USG volume was 5.71 ± 2.98 mL; a moderate correlation was found between the methods (r = 0.589; P < .05). In children, a moderate correlation was found between the Friedman grading and the USG (r = 0.532; P < .05), and actual (r = 0.549; P < .05) tonsil volumes. In adults, a low correlation was found between the Friedman grading and the USG (r = 0.363; P < .05) and actual (r = 0.384; P < .05) tonsil volumes. Conclusions Ultrasonography is a useful, accessible, and noninvasive imaging method for objective measurement of tonsil volume in adults and children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Tonsil Volume With Transcervical Ultrasonography in Both Children and Adults

Mengi

Sağtaş

Kara

2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…The Philips iU 22 machine (Philips Healthcare, DA Best, The Netherlands) with a 12–5 MHz linear transducer and GE E10 machine (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI) with a 9 L linear transducer performed the transcervical US. First, referring to the measuring this method described by Hong HS, 7 we acquired the transverse diameter ( T ), anteroposterior diameter (AP), and length ( L ) of each palatine tonsil. The transducer was placed in the submandibular space.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Coquia SF 6 tried to perform a US examination of the oropharynx in 2015, scholars have attempted to use the US to carry out the tonsillar examination in children. [7][8][9][10] Due to the impact of tonsillar hypertrophy on airway obstruction, scholars are more concerned with the study of tonsillar hypertrophy. However, the use of US to tonsillar hypertrophy is still in the primary stage; most scholars tried to explore the normal values in normal children to evaluate tonsillar hypertrophy and improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasound (US) examination is considered one of the safest imaging modalities because of its convenience, simplicity, no radiation, and no need for sedation. Since Coquia SF 6 tried to perform a US examination of the oropharynx in 2015, scholars have attempted to use the US to carry out the tonsillar examination in children 7–10 . Due to the impact of tonsillar hypertrophy on airway obstruction, scholars are more concerned with the study of tonsillar hypertrophy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A New Approach for Evaluating Palatine Tonsillar Hypertrophy in Children Based on Ultrasound: A Pilot Study

Geng

Tian

Song

et al. 2022

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives To develop a novel ultrasound (US) plane to diagnose palatine tonsillar hypertrophy objectively in children. Methods Tonsillar ultrasonography of children (age 2–14 years) who had a clinical diagnosis of tonsillar hypertrophy or not were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical data (including gender, age, body mass index (BMI)), and volume (V) of tonsils measured by the US, were recorded. Furthermore, we found a new US plane to diagnose tonsillar hypertrophy and named it the submental oblique cross‐section. In this plane, diameters of the left tonsil, right tonsil, and central oropharynx were designated as T1, T2, and O. Then, we calculated the ratio by the formula (T1 + T2)/O. Results A total of 172 cases (85 hypertrophy and 87 non‐hypertrophy) were included in this study. There were no significant differences in gender (P = .844), age (P = .666), and BMI (P = .089) between the groups. In the non‐hypertrophy group, the V of both sides had a positive linear correlation with age or BMI. In contrast, there was no linear correlation between ratio and age or BMI. The area under the curve (AUC) of ratio and V was 0.970 (95%CI: 0.947–0.993) and 0.835 (95%CI: 0.778–0.893) by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, respectively. The optimal cutoff value of ratio for diagnosis of tonsillar hypertrophy was 2.293 (sensitivity = 88.2%, specificity = 95.4%). Conclusions We established a new US section to evaluate tonsillar hypertrophy. This approach could be easily acquired and provide a reference value to guide clinical practice.

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Ultrasonic Image Characteristics of Palatine Tonsils in Healthy Children and Analysis of Factors Influencing Image Quality

Cao,

Sun,

et al. 2024

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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ObjectiveTo explore the ultrasonic image characteristics of palatine tonsils in healthy children and the factors affecting image quality.MethodsA total of 750 images of palatine tonsils were collected from 375 healthy children. According to ultrasonic image quality, the images were divided into three groups. Both systemic and local factors were analyzed among the different groups.ResultsThe palatine tonsils showed quasi‐circular or flat oval, low echo or light and dark band arrangement, a striped medium echo, and a clear boundary. Age, height, weight, body mass index, body surface area, distance from the skin to the posterior margin of the tonsils, thickness of the anterior soft tissue of the tonsils, and thickness of the anterior submandibular gland of the tonsils were significantly different among the different image quality groups (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that height, weight, thickness of the anterior soft tissue of the tonsils, and thickness of the anterior submandibular gland of the tonsils were independent factors affecting the quality of the ultrasonic images of the palatine tonsils.ConclusionsThere are characteristic ultrasonic image manifestations of the palatine tonsils. Tonsil ultrasound image quality is affected by individual and local factors.

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Normative Values for Tonsils in Pediatric Populations Based on Ultrasonography

Abstract: These normal tonsillar sizes on transcervical ultrasound in pediatric patients can be used to diagnose tonsillar lesions.

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of Tonsil Volume With Transcervical Ultrasonography in Both Children and Adults

Assessment of Tonsil Volume With Transcervical Ultrasonography in Both Children and Adults

A New Approach for Evaluating Palatine Tonsillar Hypertrophy in Children Based on Ultrasound: A Pilot Study

Ultrasonic Image Characteristics of Palatine Tonsils in Healthy Children and Analysis of Factors Influencing Image Quality

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