North Atlantic-Fennoscandian Holocene climate trends and mechanisms

Sejrup, Hans Petter; Seppä, Heikki; McKay, Nicholas P.; Kaufman, Darrell S.; Geirsdóttir, Áslaug; Vernal, Anne de; Renssen, H.; Husum, Katrine; Jennings, Anne E.; Andrews, John T.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.06.005

Cited by 50 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…The first-order structure of Holocene glaciation in the Arctic is a general increase in the size of glaciers from the early Holocene through the Little Ice Age (Figure 3). This is consistent with evidence for warm summer temperatures in Alaska and Yukon , eastern Arctic Canada and Greenland (Briner et al, 2016), the North Atlantic and Fennoscandia (Sejrup et al, 2016), and the northern high latitudes as a whole (Marcott et al, 2013). This is consistent with evidence for warm summer temperatures in Alaska and Yukon , eastern Arctic Canada and Greenland (Briner et al, 2016), the North Atlantic and Fennoscandia (Sejrup et al, 2016), and the northern high latitudes as a whole (Marcott et al, 2013).…”

Section: Evidence Of Holocene Glacier Expansion In the Arcticsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In eastern Canada and Greenland, the timing of peak warmth was more variable: more easterly and northerly sites tend to show earlier (ca. In Fennoscandia, peak Holocene warmth occurred much earlier and more significantly than in the other regions (Sejrup et al, 2016), and Neoglacial began the earliest in this region as well (Figure 2b). 4 ka (Briner et al, 2016).…”

Section: Acceleration Of Holocene Coolingmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…To examine spatiotemporal patterns of Neoglacial cooling in the Arctic, we use the Arctic Holocene Transitions database version 2.0 (Sundqvist et al, 2014) supplemented by six additional marine sediment records from the North Atlantic described in Sejrup et al (2016). In total, observations from 144 sites north of 57 ∘ N that span at least the interval from 6 to 2 ka with median Holocene temporal resolution of <500 years were included in the analysis (Table S1 and Figure 1).…”

Section: Arctic Holocene Paleoclimate Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Onset and Rate of Holocene Neoglacial Cooling in the Arctic

McKay

Kaufman

Routson

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The middle to late Holocene (8,200 years ago to present) in the Arctic is characterized by cooling temperatures and the regrowth and advance of glaciers. Whether this Neoglaciation was a threshold response to linear cooling, or was driven by a regional or Arctic‐wide acceleration of cooling, is unknown. Here we examine the largest‐yet‐compiled multiproxy database of Arctic Holocene temperature change, along with model simulations, to investigate regional and Arctic‐wide increases in cooling rate, the synchronicity of Neoglacial onset, and the observed and simulated rates of temperature change. We find little support for an Arctic‐wide onset of Neoglacial cooling but do find intervals when regions experienced rapid increases in long‐term cooling rate, both in the observations and in climate model simulations. In the model experiments, Neoglacial cooling is associated with indirectly forced millennial‐scale variability in meridional heat transport superposed on the long‐term decline of summer insolation.

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Section: Evidence Of Holocene Glacier Expansion In the Arcticsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Acceleration Of Holocene Coolingmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Arctic Holocene Paleoclimate Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Onset and Rate of Holocene Neoglacial Cooling in the Arctic

McKay

Kaufman

Routson

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Moreover, the proxies are unevenly distributed spatially, with few records from Russian high latitudes. This seasonal and spatial bias may explain the reconstructed trends of summer and annual cooling in the Northern Hemisphere and Arctic from the Holocene Optimum until the Little Ice Age, reversed only by the ongoing warming (eg,). Such mid‐ to late Holocene cooling is commonly attributed to decreasing summer insolation in the Northern Hemisphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice wedges as archives of winter paleoclimate: A review

Opel

Meyer

Wetterich

et al. 2018

Permafrost & Periglacial

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Ice wedges are a characteristic feature of northern permafrost landscapes and grow mainly by snowmelt that refreezes in thermal contraction cracks that open in winter. In high latitudes the stable‐isotope composition of precipitation (δ18O and δD) is sensitive to air temperature. Hence, the integrated climate information of winter precipitation is transferred to individual ice veins and can be preserved over millennia, allowing ice wedges to be used to reconstruct past winter climate. Recent studies indicate a promising potential of ice‐wedge‐based paleoclimate reconstructions for more comprehensive reconstructions of Arctic past climate evolution. We briefly highlight the potential and review the current state of ice‐wedge paleoclimatology. Existing knowledge gaps and challenges are outlined and priorities for future ice‐wedge research are suggested. The major research topics are (1) frost cracking and infilling dynamics, (2) formation and preservation of the stable‐isotope information, (3) ice‐wedge dating, (4) age‐model development and (5) interpretation of stable‐isotope time series. Progress in each of these topics will help to exploit the paleoclimatic potential of ice wedges, particularly in view of their unique cold‐season information, which is not adequately covered by other terrestrial climate archives.

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“…Climatic factors may have contributed to the increased focus on marine resources post c .AD 600. The terrestrial climate was prone to cooling in this period, and sea temperatures also declined in general (see Sjögren ; ; Berben et al ., ; Sejrup et al ., ). These effects may not have been so profuse in the fjords of North Norway.…”

Section: Changes Post Cad 600mentioning

confidence: 98%

Surplus Production and Marine Resource Use in the North Norwegian Iron Age

Nilsen

2017

International Journal of Nautical Archaeology

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The coast of northern Norway was an important dried‐cod production area during the Medieval period. During the Iron Age, marine resources had also played a vital role in the economy of the inhabitants in the region. The increase in marine harvesting post c.AD 600, as substantiated by archaeological finds, suggests that mass maritime goods, in addition to those goods of a prestigious character, were a significant part of the chiefly provisioning system of the Iron Age.

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North Atlantic-Fennoscandian Holocene climate trends and mechanisms

Cited by 50 publications

References 128 publications

The Onset and Rate of Holocene Neoglacial Cooling in the Arctic

The Onset and Rate of Holocene Neoglacial Cooling in the Arctic

Ice wedges as archives of winter paleoclimate: A review

Surplus Production and Marine Resource Use in the North Norwegian Iron Age

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