Northern Adriatic environmental changes since 500 AD reconstructed at Aquileia (Italy)

Kaniewski, David; Marriner, Nick; Sarti, Giovanni; Bertoni, Duccio; Marchesini, Marco; Rossi, Verónica; Lena, Anna; Bivolaru, Alexandra; Pourkerman, Majid; Vacchi, Matteo; Cheddadi, Rachid; Otto, Thierry; Luce, Frédéric; Cottica, Daniela; Morhange, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107565

Cited by 8 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…( A ) Pollen-derived Khufu-branch levels (K-1, blue line) expressed as Loess smoothing scores (with 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) compared with Nile Delta sedimentation rates (red line) ( 19 ). Long-term trends are depicted by polynomial models (order 3, P value < 0.001) ( 56 ). ( B ) Variations in Lake Victoria (White Nile) ( 22 ) and Lake Tana (Blue Nile) ( 21 ) reconstructed as a diatom record (red line) and Ti (mg/g; orange line).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…( B ) Variations in Lake Victoria (White Nile) ( 22 ) and Lake Tana (Blue Nile) ( 21 ) reconstructed as a diatom record (red line) and Ti (mg/g; orange line). Long-term trends are depicted by polynomial models (order 3, P value < 0.001) ( 56 ). The Khufu branch is represented by a shaded curve.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…( C ) Summer insolation ( 56 ), migration of the ITCZ ( 25 ) shown as Wm −2 (red line) and Fe (cps; purple line), and the Eastern African Monsoon shown as δD precip (‰ VSMOW) ( 24 ). Long-term trends are denoted by polynomial models (order 3, P value < 0.001) ( 56 ). The Khufu branch is illustrated by a shaded curve.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…( D ) North African lake levels (blue: intermediate and purple: high lakes) ( 26 ) shown as relative abundances. Long-term trends are illustrated by polynomial models (order 3, P value < 0.001) ( 56 ). ( E ) Nile Delta accretionary status ( 19 ) shown in mm per century (orange) with the SD (yellow).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The two datasets are shown as 1,000-y averages (with a 95% confidence interval). Long-term trends are represented by polynomial models (order 3, P value < 0.001) ( 56 ). ( B ) Level of the Khufu branch (blue line; Loess smoothing scores with 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) compared to archaeological sites in Lower and Upper Egypt (orange line) ( 28 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nile waterscapes facilitated the construction of the Giza pyramids during the 3rd millennium BCE

Sheisha

Kaniewski

Marriner

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The pyramids of Giza originally overlooked a now defunct arm of the Nile. This fluvial channel, the Khufu branch, enabled navigation to the Pyramid Harbor complex but its precise environmental history is unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, we use pollen-derived vegetation patterns to reconstruct 8,000 y of fluvial variations on the Giza floodplain. After a high-stand level concomitant with the African Humid Period, our results show that Giza’s waterscapes responded to a gradual insolation-driven aridification of East Africa, with the lowest Nile levels recorded at the end of the Dynastic Period. The Khufu branch remained at a high-water level (∼40% of its Holocene maximum) during the reigns of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure, facilitating the transportation of construction materials to the Giza Pyramid Complex.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Nile waterscapes facilitated the construction of the Giza pyramids during the 3rd millennium BCE

Sheisha

Kaniewski

Marriner

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Palaeoenvironmental evolution and decline of the harbours of the Roman and Early Byzantine city of Elaiussa Sebaste (southeastern Turkey): natural and anthropic causes

Melis,

Borgia,

Agostini

et al. 2024

J Quaternary Science

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The ancient city of Elaiussa Sebaste, currently Ayaş, is located on the southeastern coast of Turkey. It was one of the main trading Mediterranean harbours from the Augustan period until the early Byzantine era. The Arab invasion in the 7th century ce marked its definitive abandonment. A significant historical topic concerns the palaeoenvironmental evolution of the northern and southern harbours of Elaiussa Sebaste, including their decline and burial. An interdisciplinary study analysed six cores drilled in the current plains corresponding to the former harbour basins. A geoelectrical study, integrated with borehole stratigraphy, reconstructed the geometry of the carbonate bedrock that forms the accumulation base of the marine sediments. Sediments deposited from the 8th century bce to the 6th century ce include the development phases of the ancient city from the 3rd century bce onwards. Sedimentology, micropalaeontology (foraminifers, ostracods), palaeobotany (pollen, non‐pollen palynomorphs, microcharcoals, plant macroremains) and Pb isotopes provided a model of the environmental evolution in both harbour basins. The main harbour expansion phase, marked by a change in Pb concentration, is hypothesized to have occurred between 140 and 220 ce, which is consistent with the historical sources indicating the development of the city during the mid‐Roman Imperial period.

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Harbors and Ports, Ancient

Marriner

Morhange

Flaux

et al. 2023

Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology

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Northern Adriatic environmental changes since 500 AD reconstructed at Aquileia (Italy)

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Nile waterscapes facilitated the construction of the Giza pyramids during the 3rd millennium BCE

Nile waterscapes facilitated the construction of the Giza pyramids during the 3rd millennium BCE

Palaeoenvironmental evolution and decline of the harbours of the Roman and Early Byzantine city of Elaiussa Sebaste (southeastern Turkey): natural and anthropic causes

Harbors and Ports, Ancient

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