“…First, this study provides the first evidence of a conceptual mapping of the components of the leadership for learning framework to the TALIS 2018 items. Conducted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) since 2008, for issues concerning school leadership, TALIS has historically been focused on theories of transformational and instructional learning (Ainley and Carstens, 2018[18]; OECD, 2009 [21]; OECD, 2014 [22]; OECD, 2016 [15]). However, recent school leadership surveys, especially in the US context, have begun to examine principal and teacher practices through the lens of leadership for learning, especially the recent survey the Comprehensive Assessment of Leadership for learning (CALL) (Halverson and Kelley, 2017[16]; Halverson, Kelley and Shaw, 2014 [17]) using the five domain model noted above.…”