Northernmost Record of the Galapagos Sea Lion (Zalophus wollebaeki): Sightings Along the Mexican Central Pacific and the Gulf of California During La Niña Conditions

Elorriaga‐Verplancken, Fernando R.; Morales-Vázquez, Jorge E.; Ortega‐Ortiz, Christian D.; Llamas-González, Myriam; Meza-Yañez, Raziel; Páez‐Rosas, Diego

doi:10.1578/am.48.6.2022.478

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…These conditions highlight the importance of understanding the dynamics of CDV transmission in GSLs to determine if the high prevalence of anti-CDV antibodies is maintained over time, establish the consequences of CDV infection and identify the CDV strain circulating in this region. It is also important to determine the role of domestic dogs in the eco-epidemiology of CDV circulating in the Galapagos archipelago and whether GSLs could spread this virus to other marine mammals in other regions, given the sporadic occurrence of this species along the coasts of the Tropical Eastern Pacific [37,38]. Therefore, there is a need for an updated evaluation of the risk of CDV transmission and infection in GSL populations to implement management actions, such as possible vaccination campaigns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroconversion in Galapagos Sea Lions (Zalophus wollebaeki) Confirms the Presence of Canine Distemper Virus in Rookeries of San Cristóbal Island

Ruiz-Saenz,

Barragan,

Grijalva-Rosero

et al. 2023

Animals

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Background: The emblematic Galapagos sea lion (GSL—Zalophus wollebaeki) has faced an important population decline over the last four decades. There are multiple environmental and biological factors that might be implied in this decrease. Recently, evidence of various zoonotic infectious diseases that can be potential threats has been reported. Considering that in some islands of the archipelago the risk of transmission of infectious diseases may be promoted by the increasing population of domestic dogs, epidemiological vigilance and search of new pathogens are essential. The canine distemper virus (CDV), one of the viral pathogens that generate the most concern for the agencies responsible for the management and conservation of the Galapagos pinnipeds, was detected in the GSL in 2010. However, there is scarce information about its impact on GSL health and about its epidemiology. Methods: In this study, 110 GSL serum samples were collected during the summer of 2016 and 2017. All samples were exposed to VERO dog SLAM cells expressing the canine SLAM receptor. Results: Our results showed a significative increase (p = 0.04) in the frequency of neutralizing antibodies to CDV in the 2017 (53.1%) samples compared to the 2016 samples (19.6%). Conclusions: Our work confirmed the continuous and increasing circulation of the CDV in the GSL and highlights the importance of monitoring emerging diseases that can be transmitted from domestic to wildlife species. Vigilance of CDV is essential to understand the role of this virus in GSL mortality and to take informed decisions for wildlife conservation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroconversion in Galapagos Sea Lions (Zalophus wollebaeki) Confirms the Presence of Canine Distemper Virus in Rookeries of San Cristóbal Island

Ruiz-Saenz,

Barragan,

Grijalva-Rosero

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…Rehabilitation of endangered otariids included the Galápagos fur seal (Arctocephalus galapagoensis) and Galápagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki). Four of the five reports on the rehabilitation of these species reported on extra-limital occurrences of single individuals [22][23][24][25]. While the Galápagos species are vulnerable to climatic changes and anthropogenic activity, including entanglement in fishing gear and refuse, oil spills, and introduced pathogens, rehabilitation efforts currently appear to be limited to in situ responses [26].…”

Section: Otariidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Global Marine Mammal Rehabilitation and Refloating, 2000–2023

Simeone,

Rousselet,

Atkin

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Rehabilitation of marine mammals is performed throughout the world, yet the impact of rehabilitation on individuals and populations is questionable given the lack of robust information on the rehabilitation process and post-release monitoring in most cases. The goals of this study were to perform a systematic review of existing literature on marine mammal rehabilitation between 2000–2023 to determine the current state of rehabilitation and to evaluate the rehabilitation and conservation factors that could be used to build a framework to assess the health of rehabilitation programs worldwide. A total of 418 publications encompassing 52 species of marine mammal were included in the systematic review. Rehabilitation efforts focused mostly on pinnipeds, and North America was the most represented region. Data are scarce for both short- and long-term post-release survival across species. Reports about species threatened with extinction were significantly more likely to include information about conservation parameters than those species of least concern. A meta-analysis demonstrated a fairly strong fit of the dimensions of the proposed framework for a rehabilitation health index. Further refinement would strengthen the utility of this tool for both rehabilitation and conservation programs.

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“…They direct their foraging trips to specific areas within the archipelago [11,32] and have long-lasting lactation periods [7,33]. They are non-migratory species, although vagrants have been sighted along the coast of South and Central America to Mexico [34,35].…”

Section: Galapagos Sea Lions and Fur Sealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bulletin of Marine Science. 2001;69(1): [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]…”

Section: Importance Of Conservation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galapagos Pinnipeds, Challenges to Their Survival

Riofrío-Lazo,

Páez-Rosas

2023

Environmental Sciences

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Pinnipeds endemic to the Galapagos archipelago are in endangered conservation status. The Galapagos sea lion, Zalophus wollebaeki, and Galapagos fur seal, Arctocephalus galapagoensis, have adapted to an ecosystem with high environmental variability and unpredictable marine productivity to survive. In addition to the environmental factors that pressure their populations, these species are exposed to anthropogenic influence, mainly in rookeries on islands with human settlements. It has been determined that the populations of Galapagos pinnipeds have different growth trends between regions of the archipelago, islands of the same region, and between rookeries of the same island. 58% of the Galapagos sea lion population is in the southeastern, with the largest rookery in direct contact with the inhabitants. Various strategies have been proposed to reduce the negative impacts of human–animal interaction, ensure the population’s viability over time, and reduce the species’ extinction risk.

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Northernmost Record of the Galapagos Sea Lion (Zalophus wollebaeki): Sightings Along the Mexican Central Pacific and the Gulf of California During La Niña Conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Seroconversion in Galapagos Sea Lions (Zalophus wollebaeki) Confirms the Presence of Canine Distemper Virus in Rookeries of San Cristóbal Island

Seroconversion in Galapagos Sea Lions (Zalophus wollebaeki) Confirms the Presence of Canine Distemper Virus in Rookeries of San Cristóbal Island

A Systematic Review of Global Marine Mammal Rehabilitation and Refloating, 2000–2023

Galapagos Pinnipeds, Challenges to Their Survival

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