Nosocomial blood-stream infection in patients with end-stage renal disease: excess length of hospital stay, extra cost and attributable mortality

Liu, J.W.; Su, Y.K.; Liu, C.F.; Chen, J.B.

doi:10.1053/jhin.2001.1162

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Hospital stay is not only a good indicator for time to recovery, but longer hospital stays have intrinsic risks of their own such as nosocomial infections 6 and can be an economic burden to the health care system. 21 Most of the data pertaining to smoking and longterm outcomes evaluate fusion rates. There is a general consensus that smoking is detrimental to fusion, such as delayed spinal fusion, 18 poor spinal fusion rates, 7,11,23,28 and higher rates of pseudarthrosis following spinal instrumentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of smoking on perioperative outcomes and pseudarthrosis following anterior cervical corpectomy

Lau¹,

Chou²,

Ziewacz³

et al. 2014

SPI

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Object Smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable morbidity and death in the US and has been associated with perioperative complications. In this study, the authors examined the effects of smoking on perioperative outcomes and pseudarthrosis rates following anterior cervical corpectomy. Methods All adult patients from 2006 to 2011 who underwent anterior cervical corpectomy were identified. Patients were categorized into 3 groups: patients who never smoked (nonsmokers), patients who quit for at least 1 year (quitters), and patients who continue to smoke (current smokers). Demographic, medical, and surgical covariates were collected. Multivariate analysis was used to define the relationship between smoking and blood loss, 30-day complications, length of hospital stay, and pseudarthrosis. Results A total of 160 patients were included in the study. Of the 160 patients, 49.4% were nonsmokers, 25.6% were quitters, and 25.0% were current smokers. The overall 30-day complication rate was 20.0%, and pseudarthrosis occurred in 7.6% of patients. Mean blood loss was 368.3 ml and mean length of stay was 6.5 days. Current smoking status was significantly associated with higher complication rates (p < 0.001) and longer lengths of stay (p < 0.001); current smoking status remained an independent risk factor for both outcomes after multivariate logistic regression analysis. The complications that were experienced in current smokers were mostly infections (76.5%), and this proportion was significantly greater than in nonsmokers and quitters (p = 0.013). Current smoking status was also an independent risk factor for pseudarthrosis at 1-year follow-up (p = 0.012). Conclusions Smoking is independently associated with higher perioperative complications (especially infectious complications), longer lengths of stay, and higher rates of pseudarthrosis in patients undergoing anterior cervical corpectomy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of smoking on perioperative outcomes and pseudarthrosis following anterior cervical corpectomy

Lau¹,

Chou²,

Ziewacz³

et al. 2014

SPI

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“…The risk of sepsis in dialysis patients averages approximately 10% per year, and those patients who experience sepsis have twice the mortality of those who do not (11,12,18,19). Case fatality rates are as high as 26% in some centers (13). In cross-sectional studies, catheter use is associated with increased mortality from infection (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of bacteremia in persons using tunneled, cuffed catheters for hemodialysis vary greatly; however, they average 1 to 2 cases per 1000 catheter-days, or approximately 20% over the duration of use (10). Sepsis is associated with a very high mortality rate (13). Infection is also the second leading cause of death of persons receiving chronic hemodialysis (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Creation of Vascular Access for Hemodialysis and Increased Risk of Sepsis

Oliver¹,

Rothwell²,

Fung³

et al. 2004

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

116

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“…Vascular access-related blood-stream infections have reported mortality rates of 12% to 25.9% (23,24), but with endocarditis this may rise to 52% (7). Factors associated with higher mortality include fever on admission, leucocytosis, involvement of two valves, and need for surgical intervention (7).…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%