Nosocomial fungal infections: candidemia

Lunel, F.; Meis, Jacques F.; Voß, Andreas

doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(99)00035-8

Cited by 149 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Olive leaves may be useful in cases where prolonged use of antibiotics encourage development of opportunistic infections [32], being especially effective against S. aureus and S. enterica, two bacterial genera which pose the major resistance problems. Furthermore, the Olea europaea leaves extracts have the potential use as dietary ingredients or nutraceutical agents [34,35].…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Candida Albicansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of “Chemlali” Olive Leaf (<i>Olea europaea </i>L.) Extracts

Debib

Boukhatem

2017

IJPPE

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Abstract. In last decade, there is an increasing interest in researches for production of biologically active compounds from natural sources. Olea europaea L. is used in traditional medicine in the Mediterranean areas. The aim of the current study was to investigate the content of phenol compounds and flavonoids extracted from "Chemlali" olive leaf collected from Mascara region (west of Algeria) followed by the assessment of in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the phenolic extracts against a wide spectrum of resistant human pathogens. Extraction was conducted at room temperature using four solvents: deionised water (ddH 2 O), 80% methanol (MeOH), and petroleum ether. Total phenols and total flavonoids were measured using the FolinCiocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. The antioxidant properties have been determined by DPPH test. Results showed that the total phenol and flavonoid contents of the olive leaf extracts ranged from 3.64 in petroleum ether extract to 21.47 ± 0,05 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/ g dried matter and from 3.33mg ± 0.07 to 17.64mg ± 0.07mg catechin equivalents (CE)/ g dried matter, respectively. Furthermore, our results revealed that extracting solvents have a significant influence on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The three extracts possessed antibacterial activity against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria particularly petroleum ether extract. The extract antimicrobial activity may be due to the presence of secoiridoid class. In conclusion, the data obtained in this study confirming the traditional use of this plant in treatment of infectious diseases. Phenolic compounds in olive leaves are major contributors to the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of olive leaves. However, further detailed studies are required to determine the active ingredients responsible for these effects and to determine the mechanism of action of these compounds in the anti-microbial activity.

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Section: Staphylococcus Aureus Candida Albicansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of “Chemlali” Olive Leaf (<i>Olea europaea </i>L.) Extracts

Debib

Boukhatem

2017

IJPPE

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“…Nevertheless, we obtained lower IC 25 values than the 0.6% described by them. Olive leaves may be useful in cases where prolonged use of antibiotics encourage development of opportunistic infections [26], being especially effective against Klebsiella and Pseudomonas, two bacterial genera which pose a major resistance problem [27].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Compounds and Antimicrobial Activity of Olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) Leaves

et al. 2007

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Abstract:We report the determination of phenolic compounds in olive leaves by reversedphase HPLC/DAD, and the evaluation of their in vitro activity against several microorganisms that may be causal agents of human intestinal and respiratory tract infections, namely Gram positive (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and fungi (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans). Seven phenolic compounds were identified and quantified: caffeic acid, verbascoside, oleuropein, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, rutin, apigenin 7-O-glucoside and luteolin 4'-O-glucoside. At low concentrations olive leafs extracts showed an unusual combined antibacterial and antifungal action, which suggest their great potential as nutraceuticals, particulalry as a source of phenolic compounds.

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“…It is the fungal species most frequently isolated in hospital-acquired infections 2 and incidences of infection have risen with the increased prevalence of immunosuppressive therapies and broad-spectrum antibiotic use. 3 C. albicans is a member of the genus Candida, and is the most frequent causative agent of candidiasis in humans. 3 It is a diploid organism that undergoes mitosis and has a cell cycle with stages similar to other yeasts.…”

Section: Candida Albicans Infections In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 C. albicans is a member of the genus Candida, and is the most frequent causative agent of candidiasis in humans. 3 It is a diploid organism that undergoes mitosis and has a cell cycle with stages similar to other yeasts. It has only recently been shown that C. albicans undergoes mating, abolishing the previous view of Candida as an asexual organism.…”

Section: Candida Albicans Infections In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Systemic candidiasis is a life-threatening infection, with the overall prognosis comparable to septic shock with multiple organ failure. 12 Although it is well established that systemic infection is associated with insufficiencies in host defenses, 3 to date, no specific genes have been shown to cause a predisposition to infection. However, there is some anecdotal evidence that patients with congenital defects affecting phagocyte function, such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) deficiency, have a higher occurrence of systemic candidiasis than healthy individuals.…”

Section: Types Of Candidiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic analysis of innate immunity in resistance to Candida albicans

2004

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Systemic candidiasis is a significant cause of nosocomial infections and the mechanisms of defense against Candida albicans in humans remain poorly understood. Studies in animal models have demonstrated the importance of innate immunity in controlling the response to infection. Although Th1 cytokines have been shown to direct the overall outcome of infection, the precise role of the Th1/Th2 response and, more generally, the adaptive immune response as a whole, in systemic candidiasis, appears to apply mainly to the development of resistance to reinfection. A genetic approach to the identification of host factors regulating pathogenesis and susceptibility to C. albicans infection has been used in humans and in mouse models of infection. Mouse mutants bearing experimentally induced mutations in specific genes have provided a systematic tool for directly assessing the role of individual proteins in C. albicans susceptibility. Inbred mouse strains have been valuable in showcasing the spectrum of naturally occurring variations in initial susceptibility to infection, and type of disease developed. Crosses between resistant and susceptible strains have led to the detection of additional gene effects affecting innate immunity. Of particular interest is the major effect of a naturally occurring loss-of-function mutation in the C5 complement component that has become fixed in many inbred strains. These and other studies have shown that both a functional complement pathway and robust inflammatory response are critical for resistance to C. albicans.

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Nosocomial fungal infections: candidemia

Cited by 149 publications

References 87 publications

Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of “Chemlali” Olive Leaf (<i>Olea europaea </i>L.) Extracts

Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of “Chemlali” Olive Leaf (<i>Olea europaea </i>L.) Extracts

Phenolic Compounds and Antimicrobial Activity of Olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) Leaves

Genetic analysis of innate immunity in resistance to Candida albicans

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