Nosocomial<i>Pseudomonas putida</i>Bacteremia: High Rates of Carbapenem Resistance and Mortality

Kim, Seong Eun; Park, Seong-Hwan; Park, Hyun Bum; Park, Kyung‐Hwa; Kim, Suhyun; Jung, Seung Pil; Shin, Jong‐Hee; Jang, Hee-Chang; Kang, Seung-Ji

doi:10.4068/cmj.2012.48.2.91

Cited by 55 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…All ExlA‐like toxins (including HplA) trigger the same death pathway in macrophages with activation of Caspase‐1 by the NLRP3 inflammasome and release of a high amount of IL‐1β during the infection. These finding is of importance considering the emergence over the three last decades of nosocomial infections caused by environmental Pseudomonas species (Yoshino et al ., ) particularly with multidrug resistant P. putida (Kim et al ., ). Until now, the virulence‐associated genes in P. putida were not clearly defined, and ExlA toxin may be a good candidate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multiple Pseudomonas species secrete exolysin‐like toxins and provoke Caspase‐1‐dependent macrophage death

Basso

Wallet

Elsen

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Pathogenic bacteria secrete protein toxins that provoke apoptosis or necrosis of eukaryotic cells. Here, we developed a live-imaging method, based on incorporation of a DNA-intercalating dye into membrane-damaged host cells, to study the kinetics of primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) mortality induced by opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing either Type III Secretion System (T3SS) toxins or the pore-forming toxin, Exolysin (ExlA). We found that ExlA promotes the activation of Caspase-1 and maturation of interleukin-1β. BMDMs deficient for Caspase-1 and Caspase-11 were resistant to ExlA-induced death. Furthermore, by using KO BMDMs, we determined that the upstream NLRP3/ASC complex leads to the Caspase-1 activation. We also demonstrated that Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas protegens and the Drosophila pathogen Pseudomonas entomophila, which naturally express ExlA-like toxins, are cytotoxic toward macrophages and provoke the same type of pro-inflammatory death as does ExlA P. aeruginosa. These results demonstrate that ExlA-like toxins of two-partner secretion systems from diverse Pseudomonas species activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and provoke inflammatory pyroptotic death of macrophages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multiple Pseudomonas species secrete exolysin‐like toxins and provoke Caspase‐1‐dependent macrophage death

Basso

Wallet

Elsen

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Many cases of P putida infections such as nosocomial, pneumonia, wound, and septicemia were reported in the past decade. 22 Kim et al 23 reported 18 cases in which 77% were related to medical device infections (catheters) and 56% cases of immune-compromised patients.…”

Section: Seasonal Variation In Bacterial Population and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Seasonal Variation on Bacterial Inhabitants and Diversity in Drinking Water of an Office Building, Delhi

Yadav

Singh

Goyal

2019

Air, Soil and Water Research

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The work reported in this article raises some serious concern about the drinking water quality and its standards. Mere presence or absence of an indicator organism does not assure that the water is safe for drinking purposes. Instead of infecting directly, many pathogens pass through a host and retrieve their virulent properties by causing diseases/infections in humans. Pathogenic bacteria which exist in aquatic habitats show a unique and peculiar pattern of appearing or reappearing in different microenvironments. Several factors that prevail in the water system make a safe house for the growth, proliferation, and colonization of microorganisms. In our case, 6 different microenvironments inside the premises of an office building were taken as the sampling sites to study the effect of seasonal variations (summer, monsoon, and post-monsoon/winter) on bacterial diversity and inhabitants. Results suggested that the presence of total and thermotolerant coliforms were highest in the monsoon followed by summer and post-monsoon/winter seasons. To know the bacterial diversity and pattern of appearance/reappearance prevailing in the water system, bacterial strains were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing which showed Pseudomonas putida to be the predominant identified bacterial strain occurring about 38% to 77% in all 3 seasons. This was followed by Lelliottia nimipressuralis (6%-21%), Escherichia coli (4%-18%), Salmonella typhimurium and Aeromonas dhakensis (4%-10% each), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5%-6%). Despite the absence of other opportunistic bacteria, P putida was reported to be present as a single organism in water coolers and dispensers. This might be due to the persistent nature of P putida in low-nutrient environments and capable of colonizing by forming a rigid biofilm inside the water cooler/dispenser which makes a conducive environment for it.

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“…Consequently, its potential biotechnological application in a variety of different processes, including bioremediation of contaminated areas (2), biocatalysis of aromatic compounds (3), and production of bioplastics (4), or as an agent of plant growth promotion and plant pest control (5) is under investigation. In contrast, over the past decade P. putida has been identified to be an opportunistic human pathogen, causing difficultto-treat nosocomial infections, such as bacteremia, in seriously ill patients (6). The majority of these infections are due to highly multidrug-resistant P. putida strains mostly found in immunocompromised humans, such as newborns or neutropenic or cancer patients (7,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Knockout of Extracytoplasmic Function Sigma Factor ECF-10 Affects Stress Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas putida KT2440

Tettmann

Dötsch

Armant

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Pseudomonas putida is a Gram-negative soil bacterium which is well-known for its versatile lifestyle, controlled by a large repertoire of transcriptional regulators. Besides one-and two-component regulatory systems, the genome of P. putida reveals 19 extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors involved in the adaptation to changing environmental conditions. In this study, we demonstrate that knockout of extracytoplasmic function sigma factor ECF-10, encoded by open reading frame PP4553, resulted in 2-to 4-fold increased antibiotic resistance to quinolone, ␤-lactam, sulfonamide, and chloramphenicol antibiotics. In addition, the ECF-10 mutant exhibited enhanced formation of biofilms after 24 h of incubation. Transcriptome analysis using Illumina sequencing technology resulted in the detection of 12 genes differentially expressed (>2-fold) in the ECF-10 knockout mutant strain compared to their levels of expression in wild-type cells. Among the upregulated genes were ttgA, ttgB, and ttgC, which code for the major multidrug efflux pump TtgABC in P. putida KT2440. Investigation of an ECF-10 and ttgA double-knockout strain and a ttgABC-overexpressing strain demonstrated the involvement of efflux pump TtgABC in the stress resistance and biofilm formation phenotypes of the ECF-10 mutant strain, indicating a new role for this efflux pump beyond simple antibiotic resistance in P. putida KT2440.

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NosocomialPseudomonas putidaBacteremia: High Rates of Carbapenem Resistance and Mortality

Cited by 55 publications

References 19 publications

Multiple Pseudomonas species secrete exolysin‐like toxins and provoke Caspase‐1‐dependent macrophage death

Multiple Pseudomonas species secrete exolysin‐like toxins and provoke Caspase‐1‐dependent macrophage death

Effect of Seasonal Variation on Bacterial Inhabitants and Diversity in Drinking Water of an Office Building, Delhi

Knockout of Extracytoplasmic Function Sigma Factor ECF-10 Affects Stress Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas putida KT2440

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