Nosocomial transmission of Ebola virus disease on pediatric and maternity wards: Bombali and Tonkolili, Sierra Leone, 2014

Dunn, Angela; Walker, Tiffany; Redd, John T.; Sugerman, David; McFadden, Jevon; Singh, Tushar; Jasperse, Joseph; Kamara, Brima Osaio; Sesay, Tom; McAuley, James B.; Kilmarx, Peter H.

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.016

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Poorly managed medical waste, is a major source of infection for patients, health care workers, waste handlers and general public [14, 59, 60]. Where all medical waste is properly disposed of, the risk of infection to the general public is limited, but remains substantial to providers and their clients.…”

Section: Health Impacts Of Exposure To Solid Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is recommended that all used and disposable sharp equipment should be discarded in a sharps containers, these are often not available resulting into many health personnel getting needle stick injuries. The risk of transmission of infection from medical waste is substantial including hepatitis B, ebola and Hepatitis C among others [40, 59]. Other important pathogens that can be transmitted from medical waste include pathogenic bacteria such one that causes tuberculosis, anthrax, pneumonia, meningitis, and infections of the gastro-intestinal system.…”

Section: Health Impacts Of Exposure To Solid Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

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A review and framework for understanding the potential impact of poor solid waste management on health in developing countries

2016

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BackgroundThe increase in solid waste generated per capita in Africa has not been accompanied by a commensurate growth in the capacity and funding to manage it. It is reported that less than 30% of urban waste in developing countries is collected and disposed appropriately. The implications of poorly managed waste on health are numerous and depend on the nature of the waste, individuals exposed, duration of exposure and availability of interventions for those exposed.ObjectiveTo present a framework for understanding the linkages between poor solid waste management, exposure and associated adverse health outcomes. The framework will aid understanding of the relationships, interlinkages and identification of the potential points for intervention.MethodsDevelopment of the framework was informed by a review of literature on solid waste management policies, practices and its impact on health in developing countries. A configurative synthesis of literature was applied to develop the framework. Several iterations of the framework were reviewed by experts in the field. Each linkage and outcomes are described in detail as outputs of this study.ResultThe resulting framework identifies groups of people at a heightened risk of exposure and the potential health consequences. Using the iceberg metaphor, the framework illustrates the pathways and potential burden of ill-health related to solid waste that is hidden but rapidly unfolding with our inaction. The existing evidence on the linkage between poor solid waste management and adverse health outcomes calls to action by all stakeholders in understanding, prioritizing, and addressing the issue of solid waste in our midst to ensure that our environment and health are preserved.ConclusionA resulting framework developed in this study presents a clearer picture of the linkages between poor solid waste management and could guide research, policy and action.

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Section: Health Impacts Of Exposure To Solid Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health Impacts Of Exposure To Solid Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

A review and framework for understanding the potential impact of poor solid waste management on health in developing countries

2016

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“…Lapses in technique can lead to an increased risk for contamination of skin and clothing with healthcare-associated pathogens [2,4]. Such contamination contributes to transmission of pathogens such as Clostridium difficile [5] and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) [1], and places patients and medical personnel at risk for acquisition of infection, including with potentially fatal pathogens such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses, and Ebola virus [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do medical students receive training in correct use of personal protective equipment?

John

Tomas

Hari

et al. 2017

Medical Education Online

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Background: Healthcare personnel often use incorrect technique for donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE). Objective: We tested the hypothesis that medical students receive insufficient training on correct methods for donning and doffing PPE. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of medical students on clinical rotations at two teaching hospitals to determine the type of training they received in PPE technique. The students performed simulations of contaminated PPE removal with fluorescent lotion on gloves and were assessed for correct PPE technique and skin and/or clothing contamination. To obtain additional information on PPE training during medical education, residents, fellows, and attending physicians completed written questionnaires on PPE training received during medical school and on knowledge of PPE protocols recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: Of 27 medical students surveyed, only 11 (41%) reported receiving PPE training, and none had received training requiring demonstration of proficiency. During simulations, 25 of 27 (92.5%) students had one or more lapses in technique and 12 (44%) contaminated their skin with fluorescent lotion. For 100 residents, fellows and attending physicians representing 67 different medical schools, only 53% reported receiving training in use of PPE and only 39% selected correct donning and doffing sequence. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that there is a need for development of effective strategies to train medical students in correct use of PPE. Abbreviations: PPE: Personal protective equipment; MRSA: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; SARS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome; MERS: Middle East respiratory syndrome; WHO: World Health Organization; CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; OSCE: Objective structured clinical examination

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“…We read the article by Dunn et al on Ebola infection among health care staff in Sierra Leone with great interest. 1 Health care staff is at a much greater risk of Ebola infection than the population in general. 2 It is unclear how they can be best protected against these risks.…”

Section: More Ppe Protects Better Against Ebolamentioning

confidence: 99%

More PPE protects better against Ebola

Verbeek

Mihalache

2016

American Journal of Infection Control

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Nosocomial transmission of Ebola virus disease on pediatric and maternity wards: Bombali and Tonkolili, Sierra Leone, 2014

Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

A review and framework for understanding the potential impact of poor solid waste management on health in developing countries

A review and framework for understanding the potential impact of poor solid waste management on health in developing countries

Do medical students receive training in correct use of personal protective equipment?

More PPE protects better against Ebola

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