Not all cells are created equal – endosomal escape in fluorescent nanodiamonds in different cells

Zhang, Yue; Sharmin, Rokshana; Sigaeva, Alina; Klijn, Carline; Mzyk, Aldona; Schirhagl, Romana

doi:10.1039/d1nr02503a

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This analysis clearly shows that some of the exposed cells had distinct response patterns while other cells had similar response patterns as control cells under all exposure conditions. One way to explain such distribution in the exposed cells is based on the previously reported heterogeneity of the NP load in individual cells, where some cells might carry no or only few NPs, while other cells can be loaded with hundreds or even thousands of NPs. − Such a wide distribution in NP load per cell has been shown to correlate with a wide distribution in the level of responses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of multiple cell subpopulations is especially relevant to cells exposed to NPs. It has been shown that NP exposures end with a wide range of NP loads in individual cells, where some cells might carry no or only a few NPs, while other cells can be loaded with hundreds or even thousands of NPs per cell. − Such wide distribution in NP load per cell has been shown to correlate with a wide distribution in the level of responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression Patterns of Energy-Related Genes in Single Cells Uncover Key Isoforms and Enzymes That Gain Priority Under Nanoparticle-Induced Stress

Mitchell

Mensch

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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Cellular responses to nanoparticles (NPs) have been largely studied in cell populations, providing averaged values that often misrepresent the true molecular processes that occur in the individual cell. To understand how a cell redistributes limited molecular resources to achieve optimal response and survival requires single-cell analysis. Here we applied multiplex single molecule-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (fliFISH) to quantify the expression of 10 genes simultaneously in individual intact cells, including glycolysis and glucose transporter genes, which are critical for restoring and maintaining energy balance. We focused on individual gill epithelial cell responses to lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) NPs, which are actively pursued as cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries, raising concerns about their impact on the environment and human health. We found large variabilities in the expression levels of all genes between neighboring cells under the same exposure conditions, from only a few transcripts to over 100 copies in individual cells. Gene expression ratios among the 10 genes in each cell uncovered shifts in favor of genes that play key roles in restoring and maintaining energy balance. Among these genes are isoforms that can secure and increase glycolysis rates more efficiently, as well as genes with multiple cellular functions, in addition to glycolysis, including DNA repair, regulation of gene expression, cell cycle progression, and proliferation. Our study uncovered prioritization of gene expression in individual cells for restoring energy balance under LCO NP exposures. Broadly, our study gained insight into single-cell strategies for redistributing limited resources to achieve optimal response and survival under stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Patterns of Energy-Related Genes in Single Cells Uncover Key Isoforms and Enzymes That Gain Priority Under Nanoparticle-Induced Stress

Mitchell

Mensch

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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“…The time range from internalization until release of FNDs as well as if there is release or not varies greatly per cell type. 151 Recent studies showed that the shape and surface modification of FNDs can influence cellular uptake and endosomal escape. FNDs have been recognized in several studies as a safe and effective material which can escape the endosomes.…”

Section: ■ Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of systematic studies on endosomal escape of FNDs and dependence on the cell type and lifecycle stage. The time range from internalization until release of FNDs as well as if there is release or not varies greatly per cell type …”

Section: Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Color Centers in Diamonds for Chemical and Biochemical Analysis and Visualization

et al. 2021

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“…To achieve cellular ingestion of NPs, surface modifications of the particles are often necessary. However, efficient uptake of non-functionalized NDs by various adherent cell cultures, especially HeLa cells, has been reported (4)(5)(6)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). Despite their important role in inflammatory diseases and tumor progression, little research has been conducted studying NDs in phagocytic cells (27,(40)(41)(42).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of the Cellular Uptake of Nanodiamonds by Monocytes and Macrophages

Niora

Lerche

Dufva

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Nanodiamonds (NDs) with NV- defect centers are great probes for bionanotechnology applications, with potential to act as biomarkers for cell differentiation. To explore this concept, uptake of NDs (~120nm) by THP-1 monocytes and monocyte-derived M0-macrophages is studied. The time course analysis of ND uptake by monocytes confirms differing ND-cell interactions and a positive time-dependence. No effect on cell viability, proliferation and differentiation potential into macrophages is observed, while cells saturated with NDs, unload the NDs completely by 25 cell divisions and subsequently take up a second dose effectively. ND uptake variations by THP-1 cells at early exposure-times indicate differing phagocytic capability. The cell fraction that exhibits relatively enhanced ND uptake is associated to a macrophage phenotype which derives from spontaneous monocyte differentiation. In accordance, chemical-differentiation of the THP-1 cells into M0-macrophages triggers increased and homogeneous ND uptake, depleting the fraction of cells that were non-responsive to NDs. These observations verify that ND uptake allows for distinction between the two cell subtypes based on phagocytic capacity. Overall, NDs demonstrate effective cell labeling of monocytes and macrophages, and are promising candidates for tracking biological processes that involve cell differentiation.

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Not all cells are created equal – endosomal escape in fluorescent nanodiamonds in different cells

Abstract: Successful delivery of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) into the cytoplasm is essential to many biological applications. Other applications require FNDs to stay within the endosomes. The diversity of cellular uptake of...

Cited by 18 publications

References 54 publications

Expression Patterns of Energy-Related Genes in Single Cells Uncover Key Isoforms and Enzymes That Gain Priority Under Nanoparticle-Induced Stress

Expression Patterns of Energy-Related Genes in Single Cells Uncover Key Isoforms and Enzymes That Gain Priority Under Nanoparticle-Induced Stress

Diamond Color Centers in Diamonds for Chemical and Biochemical Analysis and Visualization

Quantitative Evaluation of the Cellular Uptake of Nanodiamonds by Monocytes and Macrophages

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