Not collateral damage: Trends in violence and hate crimes experienced by sex workers in the Republic of Ireland

Campbell, Rosie; Smith, Lucy Watchirs; Leacy, Becky; Ryan, Miriam; Stoica, Billie

doi:10.1177/0791603520939794

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We examine various methodologies that have been used in the literature to examine prejudice and to discern the extent of their use in the domains of management, psychology and sociology. Common methodologies include case studies (Paleari et al, 2019), content analysis (Campbell et al, 2020;Lee et al, 2019), experimental design (Apfelbaum et al, 2017), grounded theory (Agarwal, 2016;Rozkwitalska et al, 2016), meta-analysis (Mccord et al, 2018), interviews (Carlson, 2019;Cheung et al, 2016), surveys (Triana et al, 2019;Yu and Duffy, 2020) and the use of MTurk (Jiang, 2018). We examine the methodologies used in the prejudice literature to discern whether different methodologies inform each of the domains examined and whether certain methodologies are more efficacious in studying prejudice in the workplace.…”

Section: Prejudice At Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An interdisciplinary approach to examining prejudice at work: a levels of analysis perspective

LaVan

Lopez

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThis paper examines recent research on prejudice in the workplace by comparing the domains of management, psychology and sociology. It seeks to make recommendations regarding future research directions in light of significant social movements that impact on prejudice and discrimination.Design/methodology/approachThe design is built on an interdisciplinary literature review, drawing from research in management, psychology and sociology. In total, 450 recent articles were examined. These factors related to the individual, group and organizational/societal level of analysis to determine what we know about prejudice and discrimination in the workplace and what we do not know.FindingsThis study’s findings show that each domain of management, psychology and sociology makes distinctive contributions, thus providing scholars with a holistic understanding of prejudice and discrimination in the workplace.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of content analysis, using both automated and manual coding and chi-square analysis, allows for a deep understanding of the existing research in all three of the domains. This approach allows for reliability and replicability. Noted are the relative absence of intersectionality, immutability and salience.Practical implicationsRecommendations regarding future research directions in light of significant social movements that impact prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behaviors at all three levels are provided.Originality/valueThe study utilized a novel approach in examining prejudice in the workplace taking a grounded theory perspective, allowing the existing literature to shape the focus and results of the study. Using NVivo allowed for drilling down into the content of the articles to identify minor and major points of discussion relating to prejudice.

show abstract

Section: Prejudice At Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common methodologies include case studies (Paleari et al. , 2019), content analysis (Campbell et al. , 2020; Lee et al.…”

Section: A Levels Of Analysis Perspective On Prejudicementioning

confidence: 99%

An interdisciplinary approach to examining prejudice at work: a levels of analysis perspective

LaVan

Lopez

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An analysis of UglyMugs. ie data from 2015 to 2019 (Campbell et al, 2020) found that violence against sex workers increased in the period following the implementation of client criminalisation but that reporting to Gardaí (police) remained low.…”

Section: The Swedish Legislation (Client Criminalisation) Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UglyMugs.ie is a mobile phone app and website where sex workers in Ireland can record negative interactions with clients. An analysis of UglyMugs.ie data from 2015 to 2019 (Campbell et al, 2020 ) found that violence against sex workers increased in the period following the implementation of client criminalisation but that reporting to Gardaí (police) remained low.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Sex Workers Understand Their Experiences of Working in the Republic of Ireland

Berry

Frazer

2021

Sex Res Soc Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction This study seeks to explore the ways in which sex workers understand their experiences of working under sex work legislation in the Republic of Ireland, including laws that criminalise the purchase of sexual services. Participants reflected on their experiences of working in Ireland both and after the passing of [the] Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act 2017. In 2017, the Republic of Ireland criminalised the purchase of sexual services and increased fines and sentences for brothel keeping. Method In 2020, semi-structured interviews lasting 60 to 90 min were conducted with 6 sex workers from diverse backgrounds, ages 24–44, actively working in Ireland since 2017. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcriptions were used to conduct an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results Seven themes arose from the data: psychological wellbeing, relationships with law enforcement, relationships with friends and family, the effects of client criminalisation laws on clients, benefits of sex work community, stress related to precarious accommodation and experiences of both discrimination and perceived discrimination. Conclusion Changes to sex work legislation appear to have failed in their mission to improve life for sex workers in Ireland. Other options such as decriminalisation should be considered.

show abstract

“…Sex workers face significant barriers to reporting their victimisation (Campbell et al, 2020;McBride et al, 2020;Connelly, Kamerade and Sanders, 2018). As demonstrated within this chapter, the men involved in this study presented as reluctant to report their experiences of harmful behaviour.…”

Section: Barriers To Reportingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masculinities, vulnerability and negotiated identity: Understanding the reporting behaviours of men who experience violence or otherwise harmful behaviour, within a sex work context

Dawson¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context The focus of sex work related discussions most commonly falls on female providers of sexual services, and male purchasers. As a result, the often victim-oriented policy response in England and Wales falls short of truly addressing the needs of men who are involved in the sale of sex, with there being limited support available for them and a systemic approach which does not fully recognise the potential for men to face harm within this context. Methods The aim of this study is to explore experiences of and reactions to violence, and otherwise harmful behaviours, faced by men in the context of their sex working, by understanding the lived realities of a sample of men who engage in this type of work. The study takes a phased approach which combines an initial informative quantitative survey, with three subsequent phases of semi-structured interviews with male sex workers, sex work-focused practitioners and police officers. The method is guided by feminist research principles which suggest that reality is situated within those with lived experience, and also by an element of co-creation which has grounded this study within the perspectives of male sex workers from its conception. Findings The findings of this research suggest that all of the men involved in the study had faced at least one of the violent or otherwise harmful behaviours outlined, though reporting of these behaviours was not at all common. Discussions with the male sex working participants, practitioners and the police highlighted the issues related to the structural influences of authority, such as the police, and the social environment, and the internalisation of these wider factors, which create barriers to reporting for groups such as male sex workers and others who face similar social marginalisation. Conclusions This study challenges existing gendered understandings of violence and otherwise harmful behaviour within a sex work context, by highlighting the harmful experiences of men. By exploring these experiences and the reporting behaviours of those involved, the study also proposes a new framework for understanding barriers to reporting, which suggests that these are formed through the influences of formal and informal measures of social control, and the internalisation of these outside influences by the individual. By better understanding the experiences of men, and the barriers to their reporting, this study attempts to nuance a gendered discussion. Within, I propose that in order to better support male sex workers, responses must begin by appreciating the heterogeneity of those involved in sex work and the influence of their individual circumstances and the social environment on their willingness to seek support.

show abstract

Not collateral damage: Trends in violence and hate crimes experienced by sex workers in the Republic of Ireland

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

An interdisciplinary approach to examining prejudice at work: a levels of analysis perspective

An interdisciplinary approach to examining prejudice at work: a levels of analysis perspective

How Sex Workers Understand Their Experiences of Working in the Republic of Ireland

Masculinities, vulnerability and negotiated identity: Understanding the reporting behaviours of men who experience violence or otherwise harmful behaviour, within a sex work context

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About