2014
DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12193
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Not just noise: Individual differences in general startle reactivity predict startle response to uncertain and certain threat

Abstract: General startle reactivity reflects defensive reactivity independent of affective foreground. We examined the relationship between General startle reactivity and startle response to threat in 3 tasks with distinct manipulations of threat uncertainty. General startle reactivity was a stronger predictor of startle response during threat (vs. no threat) and uncertain (vs. certain threat). These results confirm that including General startle reactivity in our analyses can increase the power and/or precision to tes… Show more

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Cited by 41 publications
(78 citation statements)
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“…The second peak‐scoring method was adapted from Bradford et al (; termed here Br). EMG data were high‐pass filtered using a 4th order Butterworth filter with cutoff frequency 28 Hz.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The second peak‐scoring method was adapted from Bradford et al (; termed here Br). EMG data were high‐pass filtered using a 4th order Butterworth filter with cutoff frequency 28 Hz.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We then computed the maximum startle amplitude between 20 to 120 ms after startle onset and baseline corrected it using the average EMG activity within a 20-ms time window prior to the onset of the startle stimulus (Barker et al, 2014). The second peak-scoring method was adapted from Bradford et al (2014;termed here Br). EMG data were high-pass filtered using a 4th order Butterworth filter with cutoff frequency 28 Hz.…”
Section: Model-free Methods (Peak-scoring)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Including general startle reactivity as a covariate in statistical analysis of startle potentiation increases statistical power to detect within and between participant effects. General startle reactivity may also reflect an interesting individual difference measure 12,32 .…”
Section: Baseline Measurement Of General Startle Reactivitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Analyze startle potentiation using a General Linear Model with repeated measures on task condition and general startle reactivity (calculated in step 2.5) as an additive or interactive covariate 32 .…”
Section: Rectify the Filtered Continuous Emg (Seementioning
confidence: 99%
“…These GLMs included Task Block Order and Startle Reactivity following published recommendations and our standard laboratory practices (Bradford et al, 2014). We also included measures of anxiety and depression (i.e., BAI, BDI) as covariates to increase power given their empirically verified relationship with startle potentiation in our task 5 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%