Note on the Bioassay of Chlorpropham in Soil

Roberts, H. A.; Wilson, B. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1962.tb00181.x

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Sorghum had the second largest seed but was seventh in rate of root elongation. This is an agreement with RogIer (11), who concluded, on the basis of work done by Murphey and Arney (6) and Plummer (10), that in general, species with large seeds tend to have more vigorous seedlings than species with small seeds. Other workers (3,4,5) have shown that, within species, seed size markedly affects seedling vigor or rate of root elongation.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Biological Activity and Dissipation of IPC and CIPC

Parochetti¹,

Warren²

1968

Weed sci.

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Conflicting reports on the dissipation of ie isopropyl N-phenylcarbamate (IPC) and isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) prompted the present investigation on the dissipation and biological activity of these two herbicides. The dissipation patterns of IPC and CIPC were similar. Under the field and laboratory conditions described, more than 90% of both herbicides was gone in 4 weeks. CIPC was biologically more active than IPC on all plants tested, and both herbicides were nearly 10 times more toxic to buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) in quartz sand as in a silt loam soil. Although both herbicides were present in equal amounts throughout their dissipation, CIPC appears to persist longer in field applications, as it is more toxic to most plants than IPC.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Biological Activity and Dissipation of IPC and CIPC

Parochetti¹,

Warren²

1968

Weed sci.

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Studies on the breakdown of p‐chlorophenyl methylcarbamate. I. In soil

Priest

Stephens

1975

Pestic. Sci.

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The compound p‐chlorophenyl methylcarbamate (PCMC) was shown to inhibit the breakdown of the herbicide isopropyl 3‐chlorophenylcarbamate (chlorpropham) in soil, increasing its half‐life from 7.5 to 20 days. The inhibitory effect of PCMC on the breakdown of chlorpropham persisted for 40 days, with a half‐life of 20 days. The conversion in soil, of PCMC to p‐chlorophenol, a compound which did not affect the persistence of chlorpropham, was demonstrated, and it is suggested that spontaneous chemical hydrolysis may account for this conversion. PCMC and p‐chlorophenol were shown to be of low toxicity to buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moensch.).

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Persistence of the herbicide AC 92,553, N‐(1‐ethylpropyl)‐2,6‐dinitro‐3,4‐xylidine, in soils

Walker¹,

Bond²

1977

Pestic. Sci.

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The effects of soil temperature and soil moisture content on the rate of loss of N‐(1‐ethylpropyl)‐2,6‐dinitro‐3,4‐xylidine (I, AC 92,553) were measured under controlled conditions. The time for 50% disappearance in a sandy loam soil at 75% of field capacity was inversely related to temperature (98 days at 30°; 409 days at 10°). At 25°, the half‐life increased with decreasing soil moisture content (122 days at 75% of field capacity; 563 days at 12.5%). In seven soils with different properties there was a trend towards a slower rate of loss as the organic matter content of the soils increased and the half‐life varied from 72 to 172 days, first‐order kinetics being obeyed. The herbicide was lost rapidly from an inert surface and 97% loss was recorded after 28 days at 25°. Losses from soil surfaces occurred more slowly and were greater from wet compared with dry soil. In the field, it was more persistent when incorporated than when applied to the soil surface. More than 60% of I incorporated in April 1975 could be detected the following September, but when applied to the soil surface, only about 20% of the applied dose remained by this time. Residues measured by gasliquid chromatography using a thermionic nitrogen detector closely paralleled those measured by a bioassay based on the root growth of buckwheat.

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Note on the Bioassay of Chlorpropham in Soil

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Biological Activity and Dissipation of IPC and CIPC

Biological Activity and Dissipation of IPC and CIPC

Studies on the breakdown of p‐chlorophenyl methylcarbamate. I. In soil

Persistence of the herbicide AC 92,553, N‐(1‐ethylpropyl)‐2,6‐dinitro‐3,4‐xylidine, in soils

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