Notes on Occurrence and Feeding of Birds at Crater Mountain Biological Research Station, Papua New Guinea

Mack, Andrew L.; Wright, Debra D.

doi:10.1071/mu9960089

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Observations of dwarf cassowaries from 850-1300 m asl in the Haia catchment suggest that the prevailing densities of a hunted population could be less than 1.0 individual/km 2 (Mack, 1995;Mack & Wright, 1996). Southern cassowary densities are known to drop to less than 1.0 individual/km 2 above 20 m asl (Crome & Bentrupperbaumer, 1991).…”

Section: Production Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…f Maximum finite rate of natural increase (r max ). g Maximum possible production (Robinson & Redford, 1991) where K is 1.5 individuals/km 2 in Hala and 1.0 individuals/km 2 in Maimafu (Peters, 1983;Crome & Bentrupperbaumer, 1991;Mack, 1995;Mack & Wright, 1996). h For long-lived species with a life span exceeding 10 years (Robinson & Redford, 1991, 1994.…”

Section: Hunter Effortmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carrying capacity (K ) was estimated from reports of dwarf cassowary abundance (Mack, 1995;Mack & Wright, 1996) and studies of southern cassowary densities (Crome & Bentrupperbaumer, 1991) at undisturbed sites. We compared this with the predicted densities derived from an allometric equation describing the observed relationship between body size and population density (Y ) of tropical mammals:…”

Section: Production Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A preliminary evaluation of the sustainability of cassowary (Aves: Casuariidae) capture and trade in Papua New Guinea

Johnson

Bino²,

Igag³

2004

Animal Conservation

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Wildlife capture and trade for traditional use in Papua New Guinea has led to the extirpation of cassowary in some areas and increasing pressure for trade from areas where they remain. We tested a village-based monitoring programme to evaluate sustainability of wildlife capture and trade by households in the Crater Mountain Wildlife Management Area. We monitored the type and number of wildlife species captured and traded. For the most heavily traded species, dwarf cassowary, we compared estimated annual offtake of live cassowary to maximum sustainable offtake and also compared change in hunter effort over time. We found that live offtake rates of 0.06-0.07/km 2 were unsustainable in one village catchment and on the threshold of unsustainable use in another. Extirpation of cassowary will probably occur in the management area unless the location or quantity of the harvest can be restricted and the husbandry of captive birds improved. Results indicate that village monitoring of cassowary offtake is feasible when done in collaboration with outside, trained observers. Such monitoring should be encouraged as a means for landowners and management agencies to collectively evaluate the sustainability of the cassowary harvest in Papua New Guinea. This study provides an example of how scientists working with local communities in tropical forests can contribute to systematic monitoring and evaluation of wildlife offtake for sustainable use.

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Section: Production Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Hunter Effortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A preliminary evaluation of the sustainability of cassowary (Aves: Casuariidae) capture and trade in Papua New Guinea

Johnson

Bino²,

Igag³

2004

Animal Conservation

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“…This finding has significant implications for cassowary management strategies in Australia, and also in New Guinea, where cassowaries are traditionally harvested for subsistence and trade. In an evaluation of the sustainability of dwarf cassowary Casuarius bennetti capture and trade in Papua New Guinea (Johnson et al 2004), the carrying capacity (K) was calculated from studies of dwarf cassowary abundance (Mack 1995;Mack and Wright 1996), and population densities reported for the southern cassowary (Crome and Bentrupperbäumer 1991). The New Guinea study concluded that live offtake rates of 0.06-0.07/birds km 2 were unsustainable or near unsustainable in the management areas studied.…”

Section: Revised Density Estimates and Cassowary Management In Austramentioning

confidence: 99%

Population ecology of the southern cassowary Casuarius casuarius johnsonii, Mission Beach north Queensland

Moore

2007

J Ornithol

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Little is known of the ecology and population dynamics of the world's largest avian frugivore. This study investigated the population of endangered southern cassowary at Mission Beach, northeast Australia, and examined the problems associated with determining population size and density of this keystone species. Using the results of an intensive field survey aimed at estimating absolute numbers of individual cassowaries, the appropriate sampling methodology for rare and elusive species was explored. Approximately 102 km 2 of rainforest was surveyed using 346 km of search transects. Of a total of 110 cassowaries, there were 49 adults (28 male, 19 female, 2 unknown), 28 subadults, 31 chicks, and 2 independent birds of unknown status. This is approximately 35% of the adult population previously estimated for the Mission Beach area. Overall adult cassowary density was 0.48 adults/km 2 ; the density of independent birds, i.e. adults and subadults, was 0.78 birds/km 2 . Mean indicative home range (IHR) for adult females and males was 2.13 and 2.06 km 2 , respectively. Mean IHR of subadults was smaller at 0.95 km 2 . It was concluded that the previous practice of surveying small areas at Mission Beach (<4 km 2 ) has led to consistent overestimation of cassowary population density, up to six times its real number. It is shown that a sample plot between 5 and 15 km 2 is necessary to approximate true cassowary density. These findings have significant application to the conservation of cassowaries in New Guinea and in the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area of Australia.

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“…Figures from temperate regions are usually lower, with less than half the percentage of cavity nesters as tropical communities [7,61]. The absence of primary excavators, the woodpeckers, from the region suggests that cavities might be more limiting than other forests, and competition for nest sites can be intense [15,62]. But most cavity-using bird species in Neotropical forests use natural cavities rather than woodpecker excavations [63].…”

Section: Importance Of Cavities To the New Guinea Vertebrate Faunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Cavity-Using Wildlife and the Potential of Artificial Nest Boxes for Wildlife Management in New Guinea

Warakai¹,

Okena²,

Igag³

et al. 2013

Tropical Conservation Science

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Little is known of the frequency of use and reliance upon tree cavities by wildlife, nor the natural availability of cavities in New Guinea forests. We surveyed the literature for records of cavity use by birds and mammals in New Guinea. We examined every standing tree on one hectare of primary forest and one hectare of secondary forest for cavities, then carefully assessed every tree for cavities after they were felled. We put up 190 artificial nest boxes of five designs in three sites and monitored occupancy. At least 50 species (23.6%) of New Guinea terrestrial mammals and 118 species (17.7%) of non-marine or aquatic bird species are recorded in the literature as using tree cavities. Ground observation identified 36 suspected cavities in a hectare of lowland primary forest and 10 in nearby secondary forest. Upon inspection of all trees after felling, these figures changed to 26 and 0 respectively. Ground censuses are not accurate. Cavities were more commonly found in large trees. In less than a year, nest box occupancy reached exceeded 33%, with Phalanger spp. and Sugar gliders, Petaurus breviceps, being most common. Some bird use was detected by the presence of feathers; snakes and geckos were also found in boxes. Occupancy increased with time and would probably be higher after a second year. The larger boxes had greater occupancy, as did boxes placed higher in the trees. Bees occupied and probably excluded other users from 10% of boxes. As Papuan forests are disturbed by logging, hunting practices and gardening, conservationists might need to manage practices to ensure cavity availability. Artificial nest boxes might have utility for wildlife conservation and research.

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Notes on Occurrence and Feeding of Birds at Crater Mountain Biological Research Station, Papua New Guinea

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

A preliminary evaluation of the sustainability of cassowary (Aves: Casuariidae) capture and trade in Papua New Guinea

A preliminary evaluation of the sustainability of cassowary (Aves: Casuariidae) capture and trade in Papua New Guinea

Population ecology of the southern cassowary Casuarius casuarius johnsonii, Mission Beach north Queensland

Tree Cavity-Using Wildlife and the Potential of Artificial Nest Boxes for Wildlife Management in New Guinea

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