Notes on some bacterial parasites of the human mucous membranes

Oliver, Wade W.; Wherry, William B.

doi:10.1093/infdis/28.4.341

Cited by 92 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…These pigments have been studied intermittently over the years. Identified initially as melanin by Oliver and Wherry [1] and later confirmed by Shevsky et al [7], the porphyrin nature of the pigments was subsequently demonstrated by Schwabacher et al [8]. This was accepted for over 20 years until Tracy [9] reported that the pigment was ferrous sulphide and was produced by several unrelated species.…”

Section: Pigments Produced By Black-pigmented Gramnegative Anaerobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biochemical and chemical analyses of 'Bacterium ( Bacteroides ) melaninogenicum (s)' an d subsequent black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes commenced from the initial isolation of 'B. melaninogenicus' in 1921 by Oliver and Wherry [1]. The distinctive black pigment produced by this microorganism was described as melanin; hence the species was referred to as 'B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical and chemical analyses of black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

Shah

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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Section: Pigments Produced By Black-pigmented Gramnegative Anaerobesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and chemical analyses of black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

Shah

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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“…Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that produce black or brown pigmented colonies on blood agar plates were described first as 'Bacterium melaninogenicum' by Oliver and Wherry [1]. These bacteria were later assigned to the genus Bacteroides and classified as 'Bacteroides melaninogenicus' [7].…”

Section: Historical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the original description by Oliver and Wherry in 1921 [1], there have been many changes in the classification and nomenclature of the group of bacteria now designated as black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes [2][3][4][5][6]. These bacteria were until recently referred to as 'blackpigmented Bacteroides'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and typing methods of black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

VANSTEENBERGEN¹,

VANWINKELHOFF²,

DEGRAAFF³

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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Until recently, black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes were classified as 'black-pigmented Bacteroides'. At present, 11 distinct species are recognized in this group. Because of major differences with Bacteroides fragilis, the type species of the genus Bacteroides, new genera have been proposed: Porphyromonas for three asaccharolytic species, and Prevotella for the saccharolytic species. Typing methods have been developed for some species of black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes. These include biotyping and serotyping, but relatively few types can be distinguished with these methods. Recently, DNA restriction endonuclease analysis has been used for typing of P. gingivalis, Pr. intermedia and P. endodontalis strains. Great heterogeneity was observed within all three species. This typing method can be useful for epidemiological studies.

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“…cellular melanin (Oliver and Wherry, 1921), whereas Schwabacher et al (1947) considered that it was intracellular or cell-associated haematin. The first group of experiments in the present study with 42 bacteroides-like organisms and one strain of E. coli, P. mirabilis, S. typhimurium and C. welchii grown in media containing additional cysteine and ferrous sulphate showed that all of these organisms produce H2S in such a medium and all produce a dense black colloidal precipitate of ferrous sulphide.…”

Section: Table I1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigment Production by Bacteroides Species with Reference to Sub-Classification

Duerden

1975

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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114B. I. DUERDEN Culture inocula. One drop (0.02 ml) of a 48-h cooked-meat broth culture was used to seed each tube and one loopful (c. 0.01 ml) to seed each plate of medium.Anaerobic incubation. Anaerobic jars supplied by Baird and Tatlock Ltd (BTL) were each fitted with three catalyst sachets and the anaerobic procedure of Collee et al. (1972) was essentially followed. All incubation was at 37°C in an atmosphere of 90% HZ and 10% c02.Organisms. The following strains were obtained from the National Collection of Type Cultures (NCTC) : Bacteroides melaninogenicus nos. 9336, 9337 and 9338 ; B. fragilis no. 9343; and B. necrophorus nos. 7155 and 10575. In addition, we studied 36 strains of Gram-negative anaerobic non-sporing bacilli, originally isolated from clinical specimens or human faeces. All these anaerobic bacilli were maintained by fortnightly serial subculture in tubes of cooked-meat broth incubated anaerobically at 37°C for 24 h and thereafter kept on the bench.Laboratory strains of E. coli, S. aureus (Oxford; no. NCTC6571), Proteus mirabilis and Salmonella typhimurium had been maintained by serial subculture in nutrient broth and on nutrient-agar slopes for many years; a laboratory strain of Clostridium rvelchii was maintained by serial subculture in cooked-meat broth.Chemicals. Aqueous solutions of menadione (Sigma, London; 100 pg per ml; see Barnes and Impey, 1971); ferrous sulphate (Analar grade; 250 mg per ml); and L-cysteine (Koch-Light, pure; 100 mg per ml), were prepared immediately before use. All were sterilised by membrane filtration and added aseptically to (cooled) autoclaved media to give final concentrations of menadione 1 pg per ml, ferrous sulphate 5 mg per ml, and cysteine 2 mg per ml.Media were either freshly prepared or steamed for 30 min. just before use. Media containing menadione or cysteine could not be steamed and were always freshly prepared.The basic liquid medium was Robertson's cooked-meat broth (Cruickshank, 1969) ; various combinations of chemicals were added (see text). Horse-blood broth, containing 10% Defibrinated Horse Blood (Oxoid) in Oxoid Nutrient Broth no. 2, was used to study pigment production in a liquid medium containing blood. Solid media were: (i) human

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Notes on some bacterial parasites of the human mucous membranes

Cited by 92 publications

References 0 publications

Biochemical and chemical analyses of black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

Biochemical and chemical analyses of black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

Classification and typing methods of black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

Pigment Production by Bacteroides Species with Reference to Sub-Classification

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