Notes on the biology of Triatoma costalimai Verano & Galvão, 1958. (Hemiptera; Reduviidae; Triatominae)

Triatoma costalimai, a neglected vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Cerrado savannas of South America: A comprehensive review

“…(2019) 9. Triatoma costalimai often carry Trypanosoma cruzi , often defecate while feeding, have high fecundity/fertility, and can produce 1–2 generations per year; these bionomic traits are similar to those reported for major human disease vectors including T. infestans Schofield et al. (1980) ; Mello & Borges (1981) ; Dias-Lima & Sherlock (1997) ; Guarneri et al.…”

“…(2021) 5. Triatoma costalimai is a truly rupicolous species adapted to limestone/sandstone outcroppings in the “Cerrado rupestre” (rocky-soil savanna) and “mata seca decídua calcária” (limestone-soil dry forest) phytophysiognomies Verano & Galvão (1958) ; Lent & Wygodzinsky (1979) ; Schofield et al. (1980) ; Mello (1982) ; Barrett (1991) ; Carcavallo et al.…”

“…(1998) ; Abad-Franch & Gurgel-Gonçalves (2021) 6. Triatoma costalimai , an active-foraging ‘stalker’ species, is an eclectic feeder capable of exploiting a wide range of vertebrate hosts, from lizards to mammals, in wild and non-wild microhabitats Lent & Wygodzinsky (1979) ; Schofield et al. (1980) ; Mello (1982) ; Barrett (1991) ; Carcavallo et al.…”

“…3 ) may also have a bearing on the response of the species to anthropogenic land-use change. In the current context of widespread transformation of the Cerrado into large agribusiness farms ( Aquino & Miranda, 2008 ; Françoso et al., 2015 ; Potapov et al., 2021 ; Song et al., 2021 ), rocky-soil patches can act as “islands” of suitable habitat (including the mineral substrate and the associated vegetation and fauna) for wild T. costalimai populations (see Schofield et al., 1980 ; Brito et al., 2017a ; and also Lacerda-Filho et al., 1999 ; Bonvicino et al., 2002 ; da Silva & Scariot, 2003 ; Scariot & Sevilha, 2005 ; Pacheco & Olmos, 2006 , 2010 ; Werneck, 2006 ; Camargo & Aguiar, 2007 ; Martins, 2007 ; Aquino & Miranda, 2008 ; Lima, 2008 ; Ribeiro & Walter, 2008 ; Espirito-Santo et al., 2009 ; Gomes et al., 2011 ; Recoder et al., 2011 ; dos Santos et al., 2012 ; Lobo et al., 2013 ; Purificação et al., 2013 ; Vieira et al., 2013 ; Ribeiro, 2015 ; Mews et al., 2016 ; Dantas, 2017 ; Almeida et al., 2018 ; Arcela, 2019 ). Thus, T. costalimai might be less vulnerable to the effects of deforestation and land-use change than other, sympatric triatomine-bug species primarily associated with tree habitats such as, e.g., T. sordida or T. pseudomaculata ( Abad-Franch & Gurgel-Gonçalves, 2021 ).…”

“…Thus, T. costalimai might be less vulnerable to the effects of deforestation and land-use change than other, sympatric triatomine-bug species primarily associated with tree habitats such as, e.g., T. sordida or T. pseudomaculata ( Abad-Franch & Gurgel-Gonçalves, 2021 ). This hypothesis, however, remains to be tested ( Schofield et al., 1980 ; Brito et al., 2017a ).…”