Notes on the Vegetation of Amazonia III. The Terminology of Amazonian Forest Types Subject to Inundation

Prance, Ghillean Τ.

doi:10.2307/2806669

Cited by 449 publications

(316 citation statements)

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“…Study trees -Six tree species were chosen, all common to várzea floodplains in Central Amazonia and typical representants of different growth strategies and flood tolerance (Prance, 1979;Worbes et al, 1992): Cecropia latiloba (Cecropiaceae, "Embaúba", evergreen pioneer), Senna reticulata (Caesalpiniaceae, "Matapasto", evergreen pioneer), Nectandra amazonum (Lauraceae, "Louro", evergreen non-pioneer), Crateva benthamii (Capparidaceae, "Catoré", deciduous non-pioneer), Tabebuia barbata (Bignoniaceae, "Capitari", deciduous nonpioneer) and Vitex cymosa (Verbenaceae, 'Tarumã", deciduous non-pioneer).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes of leaf Nitrogen content in trees of Amazonian floodplains

Armbrüster

Junk

2002

Acta Amaz.

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-In Amazonian floodplains the trees are exposed to extreme flooding of up to 230 days a year. Waterlogging of the roots and stems affects growth and metabolic activity of the trees. An increased leaf fall in the aquatic period and annual increment rings in the wood indicate periodical growth reductions. The present study aims at documenting seasonal changes of content. Leaves of six tree species common in floodplains in Central Amazonia and typical representants of different growth strategies were collected every month between May 1994 and June 1995 in the vicinity of Manaus, Brazil. Mean leaf nitrogen content varied between 1.3% and 3.2% in the non-flooded trees. Three species showed significantly lower Ν content in the flooded period (p=0.05, 0.001, 0.001), the difference ranging 20-25% lower than in the nonflooded period. Two species showed no significant difference while Nectandra amazonum showed 32% more Ν in the flooded season (p=0.001). Leaf nitrogen content was generally high when new leaves were flushed (in the flooded period) and decreased continuously thereafter in all species. Three species showed an additional peak of nitrogen during the first month of the terrestrial phase, in leaves which had flushed earlier, indicating that flooding may disturb nitrogen uptake.Key-words: leaf nitrogen, growth strategy, waterlogging, várzea, floodplain, Amazonia. Mudanças Sazonais do Conteúdo de Nitrogênio nas Folhas de Arvores das Áreas Inundáveis da Amazônia.Resumo -Em áreas inundáveis da Amazônia as árvores estão expostas a extremos de inundação de até 230 dias por ano. A submersão das raízes e do tronco afeta o crescimento e as atividades metabólicas das árvores. O aumento da queda de folhas na fase aquática e o incremento anual nos anéis do lenho, indicam reduções de crescimento periódicas. O presente estudo visa documentar em um ciclo anual mudanças sazonais no metabolismo e vitalidade de árvores adultas, expressas pelas mudanças no conteúdo de nitrogênio das folhas. Seis espécies de árvores comuns em áreas inundáveis da Amazônia Central e típicos representantes de diferentes estratégias de crescimento, tiveram suas folhas coletadas a cada mês entre maio de 1994 e junho de 1995, nas cercanias da cidade de Manaus, Brasil. A média do conteúdo de nitrogênio variou entre 1,3% e 3,2% em árvores não inundadas. Três espécies tiveram concentrações de Ν significativamente menores no período de inundação (p = 0,05, 0,01, 0,01), sendo 20 a 25% menores que as concentrações no período não inundado. Duas espécies não tiveram diferenças significativas, enquanto Nectandra amazonum teve 32 % mais Ν quando inundada (p = 0.001). O conteúdo de nitrogênio foliar foi geralmente alto quando brotaram folhas novas (no período inundado) seguido por um decréscimo contínuo, embora três espécies atingiram seu pico de conteúdo de Ν no primeiro mês da fase terrestre, em folhas que haviam brotadas antes, indicando que a inundação possivelmente inibe a assimilação de nitrogênio.Palavras-chave: nitrogênio, folhas, estratégias de cre...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes of leaf Nitrogen content in trees of Amazonian floodplains

Armbrüster

Junk

2002

Acta Amaz.

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“…The floodplain forests of Brazil (including flooded riparian forests and swamp forests) occur under a variety of ecological conditions-including those related to climate, geology, geomorphology, soil, water, flooding and adjacent floras-which induce variations in their floristic composition, physiognomy, structure and dynamics (Prance 1979;Mantovani 1989;Ivanauskas et al 1997;Parolin et al 2004;Rodrigues & Shepherd 2004;Scarano 2006). Studies using multivariate techniques have further indicated that swamp forests differ floristically from flooded riparian forests, mainly due to differences in flooding regimes (Rodrigues & Nave 2004;Silva et al 2007).…”

Section: Phytogeographic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

2013

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Swamp forests are associated with soils that are saturated or inundated because of a high water table. In Brazil, little is known about the plant ecology of such forests. In this paper, we aimed to describe the phytosociological structure of the tree layer of swamp forests in Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, in the northern part of the state of Rio de Janeiro, and to evaluate the floristic similarities between these forests and some other possibly related types of vegetation formations in Brazil. The sampling included 84 species, within 62 genera and 34 families. The Shannon diversity index was 3.42, and the Shannon evenness index was 0.77. The forests studied showed an oligarchic structure; Tapirira guianensis, Calophyllum brasiliense and Protium icicariba were the most important species. Oligarchy, or monodominance, and relatively low species richness are the norm in the swamp forests of southeastern Brazil and result from the strong selective character of the saturated/inundated soils. In comparison with local areas of restinga (coastal woodland), Atlantic Forest sensu stricto, other swamp forests and flooded riparian forests, the similarity was low (Jaccard similarity coefficient < 0.25). In addition to the similar ecological conditions, geographic proximity was a key factor determining the patterns of similarity found. Our results indicate that the swamp forests of southeastern Brazil do not represent a distinguishable floristic unit, due to sources of local variation, notably migration and the establishment of adaptive species from neighboring vegetation formations (some 70% of the species surveyed).

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“…Parece entonces posible que este tipo de aproximaciones puedan contribuir de manera más amplia, a como ya lo han hecho (Prance, 1979;Pires & Prance, 1985;Encarnación, 1985Encarnación, y 1993, al estudio "científico" de muchos de los aspectos menos conocidos del bosque húmedo tropical, como por ejemplo composición y distribución de especies (animales y vegetales), interacciones ecológicas entre organismos, importancia económica de muchas especies y prácticas de manejo de recursos (Posey, 1983).…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Plantas, suelos y paisajes: ordenamientos de la naturaleza por los indígenas Miraña de la Amazonía colombiana

Sánchez

Miraña²,

Duivenvoorden

2007

Acta Amaz.

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RESUMENCon base en información obtenida sobre los nombres de todas las plantas con DAP > 2.5 cm (Diámetro a la Altura del Pecho, medido a una altura de 1.3 m) dentro de 30 parcelas de 0.1 ha cada una, y sobre los suelos, la vegetación y el paisaje a lo largo de 8 transectos (entre 2 y 5 km de longitud cada uno), se describen los aspectos más importantes sobre la taxonomía botánica y el ordenamiento o jerarquización del medio ambiente desde la perspectiva de los Indígenas Miraña de la Amazonía central colombiana. A pesar de la pérdida cultural, algunos pocos ancianos guardan como parte de su tradición oral, los elementos básicos de un sistema complejo de conocimiento de su ambiente natural. Se detectó un alto grado de conocimiento sobre las especies vegetales silvestres, la existencia de sistemas nomenclaturales para éstas y para los suelos, y un reconocimiento organizado de paisajes fisiográficos y tipos de vegetación. PALABRAS-CLAVE:Miraña, Sistemas tradicionales de clasificación, Etnotaxonomía, Etnoecología, Ecología del paisaje. Plants, soils and landscapes: sorting of nature by the Miraña Indians of Colombian Amazon. ABSTRACTWe describe the most important aspects of Miraña's plant taxonomy, and landscape categorization. Data about plants' names (in 30 plots of 0.1 ha), was gathered from all individual plants with DBH > 2.5 cm (Diameter at Breast High, or 1.3 m above ground), and data about soils, forest types and landscapes was gathered from 8 transects of 2-5 km long each. In spite of cultural lost, complex knowledge about natural environment classification, it is present into the oral tradition keep in some elders' mind. We detected a high level of knowledge about wild plants, the presence of nomenclatural systems for plants and soil types, and organized landscapes and forest types systems.

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Notes on the Vegetation of Amazonia III. The Terminology of Amazonian Forest Types Subject to Inundation

Cited by 449 publications

References 5 publications

Seasonal changes of leaf Nitrogen content in trees of Amazonian floodplains

Seasonal changes of leaf Nitrogen content in trees of Amazonian floodplains

Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

Plantas, suelos y paisajes: ordenamientos de la naturaleza por los indígenas Miraña de la Amazonía colombiana

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