Nothing to hide, nothing to fear? Tackling violence on the terraces

Joern, Lise

doi:10.1080/17430430903204777

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Unlike in trolling literature (e.g., Hardaker, 2010;Herring et al, 2002), there are few articles about hooliganism that list specific behaviors hooligans engage in; most hooliganism articles instead describe patterns of behavior, such as generally anti-social behaviors (e.g., Joern, 2009), physical violence (e.g., Mastrogiannakis & Dorville, 2013), and sensationalism (e.g., Steen, 2016), with sensationalism referring here to the idea of either overreacting to an event or provoking an overreaction from someone else to one's own behavior. Specific hooligan behaviors that are frequently mentioned are taunting (Giulianotti & Armstrong, 2002;King, 2001), fighting or provoking fights (Free & Hughson, 2003;Joern, 2009), damaging property (Kerr & de Kock, 2002), and disrupting the game by throwing things onto or invading the pitch TROLLING AND HOOLIGANISM 8 or field (Bodin et al, 2012;Giulianotti & Armstrong, 2002) or by starting riots amongst the spectators (Newson et al, 2018;Rookwood & Pearson, 2010).…”

Section: Trolling and Hooliganism Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like trolls (Cook et al, 2018), hooligans define themselves as such (Bodin et al, 2012); the critical difference is that while trolls can identify themselves as fans of a particular game or team, thus motivating their destructive or disruptive behavior (see Cook et al, 2018), hooligans are consistently motivated by their social identity as a fan when it comes to carrying out their hooliganism (see van Hiel et al, 2007). Both can be motivated by frustration-hooligans by their team's loss and the subsequent threat of losing face to other teams' supporters (Joern, 2009;King, 2001), trolls by frustration at repeatedly losing their own games (Cook et al, 2018;Karhulahti, 2020)-but the collective frustration among hooligans is only sporadically collective among trolls, and to our TROLLING AND HOOLIGANISM 12 knowledge, more commonly individual. Putting it into a social identity (Turner & Tajfel, 1986) perspective, while the troll in-group identity is largely forged through shared individual experiences of frustration or boredom, the hooligan in-group identity is a subset of a fandom, and is actually an identity particle within an identity.…”

Section: Identity As Common To Trolling and Hooliganismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trolligans: Conceptual Links Between Trolling and Hooliganism in Sports and Esports

Cook

Karhulahti

Harrison

et al. 2023

Communication & Sport

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Both game-based trolling and hooliganism have existed in some form since the inception of online gaming and professional sports respectively. The two share many characteristics: provocation of an opposing entity, the tendency to taunt or trash-talk others based on their social or individual identity, and disruptive and/or destructive behaviour. However, despite this and the increasing similarity between the worlds of traditional sports and esports, research on the two negatively perceived phenomena has remained largely separate. The present article aims to both link and distinguish the two types of behaviour in terms of what motivates them, the agents involved, and the spaces in which they take place. By drawing from communication theories and cases described as both hooliganism and trolling in professional sports and esports settings, we (a) refine the definition of trolling in light of hooliganism, (b) discuss practical implications for the future health of esports communities, and (c) explore deviance as inherent entertainment in mediatised sporting events. Suggestions for future collaborative research between trolling and hooliganism specialists are also included.

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Section: Trolling and Hooliganism Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identity As Common To Trolling and Hooliganismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trolligans: Conceptual Links Between Trolling and Hooliganism in Sports and Esports

Cook

Karhulahti

Harrison

et al. 2023

Communication & Sport

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On one hand, although football authorities have successfully removed much football violence and hooliganism, football support remains characterised by the confrontational mentality of rival groups (Joern, 2009), and negative encounters with other fans may greatly discourage PWLD from wanting to attend matches. The perceived aggression of other fans could be interpreted as perpetuating the World Leisure Journal 327 discrimination, abuse and intolerance that PWLD experience in other areas of life (Clement, 2006).…”

Section: Section 2 Identifying Key Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Football fandom, social inclusion and learning disability: opportunities and constraints

Southby

2011

World Leisure Journal

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In Britain, within the contemporary drive to use sport to tackle the isolation of socially excluded groups, football (soccer) fandom has been suggested in many policy documents as a possible site for enabling people with learning disabilities to become more socially included. Forming the basic theoretical work for my doctoral research, this paper provides a critical analysis of this so far unexamined discourse. Conclusions suggest that current policy represents a simplistic and overly romanticised view of people with learning disabilities as football fans, leaving many unanswered questions about what social inclusion targets can reasonably be met through football fandom.

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“…As Lise Joern argued in 2009, in the context of the forms of surveillance and control of football fans that had been implemented or were being considered in Denmark, Just as Danish supporters have taken on board elements of English fan culture (both positive and negative), so do the Danish authorities look in that direction in the same quarter when devising strategies to combat anti-social behaviour. (Joern, 2009(Joern, , p. 1270.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitched! Informants and the covert policing of football fans in Scotland

Atkinson

McBride

Moore

2020

Policing and Society

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This paper offers a new perspective on the policing of football fans by exploring the recruitment and use of 'informants', or 'Covert Human Intelligence Sources' (CHIS), in this area of police practice. Drawing upon semi-structured interviews with both football fans and police officers in Scotland we foreground fan experiences against a backdrop where intensive police surveillance has become a routine feature of football events. In particular, our research uniquely provides accounts of fans whom the police sought to recruit as informants, a process known colloquially in policing as being 'pitched'. In doing so we highlight the impact this tactic has on football fans, both individually and collectively. In understanding police perspectives, we note how the use of informants in football policing is frequently justified as a 'legitimate' means to provide intelligence to prevent violence and disorder amongst fans. Cautioning upon the dangers of further 'surveillance creep', we highlight that the use of informants in the policing of football fans and events raises both practical and ethical issues. In particular, we argue that the use of informants in the covert policing of football fans, if this tactic is to be used, must be grounded in a clearly articulated threat of violence and disorder that is accepted by football fans and the wider community. In the absence of this, the use of such tactics is likely to be considered unnecessary and disproportionate by football fans, feeding a wider narrative of criminalisation and a perception of illegitimate and disproportionate forms of policing.

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Nothing to hide, nothing to fear? Tackling violence on the terraces

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Trolligans: Conceptual Links Between Trolling and Hooliganism in Sports and Esports

Trolligans: Conceptual Links Between Trolling and Hooliganism in Sports and Esports

Football fandom, social inclusion and learning disability: opportunities and constraints

Pitched! Informants and the covert policing of football fans in Scotland

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