Notice of Retraction: Unified Antenna Temperature

Abstract

In discussions of radio noise analysis, the noise coupled from radio to its connected antenna is generally neglected. This coupled noise can degrade signal to noise ratio of the radio receiver and it is the root cause of the radio receiver's radiated desensitization, which is a very common electromagnetic interference problem for compacted radio receivers. A unified antenna noise temperature definition is presented in this paper. With the general definition, the overall receiver noise analysis has theoretical integrity. The overall antenna temperature for tightly coupled radios such as cellphones can be measured using the unified antenna noise temperature definition in conjunction with radio conducted, radiated, and a real environment test. The unified antenna noise temperature definition allows the radio engineer to understand the mechanisms of the receiver-radiated desensitization. With the unified antenna temperature definition, radio radiated sensitivity, effective isotropic sensitivity, and total isotropic sensitivity can be mathematically defined.Index Terms-Antenna brightness, antenna temperature, effective isotropic sensitivity (EIS), noise, noise coupling mechanism, noise figure, radio radiated sensitivity, total isotropic sensitivity (TIS).