Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: Modular multilevel converters: A review on topologies, modulation, modeling and control schemes

Pawar, Balasaheb J.; Gond, Vitthal J.

doi:10.1109/iceca.2017.8203721

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…On MMC, several modulation methods, including sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), space vector modulation (SVM), selective harmonic elimination (SHE), nearest level modulation (NLM), and staircase modulation, are employed depending on the converter application. 41,42 These methods are used based on the intricacy of their implementation and the desired converter output voltage levels; however, it is advisable to use SPWM at low voltage levels, typically implemented as phase disposition pulse width modulation (PD-PWM) and phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PS-PWM). As shown in Figure 2, the PS-PWM method is used with a frequency of 50 Hz to determine the number of Subs required for both arms by intersecting N triangular waves with an angle of 360/N with two sine waves with an angle difference of 180 .…”

Section: Selected Modulation For Voltage Balancing Of Capacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Appropriate modulation is necessary to determine the number of Subs required by the converter arms, and it keeps the output voltage sinusoidal throughout all sampling times (Ts). On MMC, several modulation methods, including sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), space vector modulation (SVM), selective harmonic elimination (SHE), nearest level modulation (NLM), and staircase modulation, are employed depending on the converter application 41,42 . These methods are used based on the intricacy of their implementation and the desired converter output voltage levels; however, it is advisable to use SPWM at low voltage levels, typically implemented as phase disposition pulse width modulation (PD‐PWM) and phase‐shifted pulse width modulation (PS‐PWM).…”

Section: The Basics Of MMCmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An improved method to sub‐module voltage balancing in modular multilevel converters with two voltage sensors

Hashkavayi

Barakati

Torabi

et al. 2023

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Summary The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is an innovative structure that has expanded the usage of multilevel converters (MLCs) in the electrical industry. Since the MMC initially required a large number of sensors to manage the capacitor voltages, various studies have been done to reduce their number to improve the converter's reliability and reduce construction costs. In this paper's proposed method, merely two voltage sensors are used to balance the converter's capacitor voltages, and voltages are estimated using the exponentially weighted recursive least square (RLS) method in each sampling time. Also, the estimated voltages are sorted according to the capacitor current sign determined by the voltage sensors, and the current sensors are entirely eliminated. Furthermore, three cases for compensating the capacitor estimated voltages are presented, and the last case proposes the sub‐module force algorithm (SFA) for system protection. The efficacy of the proposed method has been assessed via simulation and experimental implementations.

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Section: Selected Modulation For Voltage Balancing Of Capacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Basics Of MMCmentioning

confidence: 99%