Notonuphar antarctica, an extinct water lily (Nymphaeales) from the Eocene of Antarctica

Friis, Else Marie; Iglesias, Ari; Reguero, Marcelo Alfredo; Mörs, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s00606-017-1422-y

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Some fossil marsupials show a similar pattern to this (Case et al ., 2005; Goin et al ., 2006). Concerning this biotic exchange hypothesis, fossil plants have been discussed to a limited degree (Wilf et al ., 2013) with some lineages showing a North America to South America–Antarctica migration during the Cretaceous and Paleogene, including Regnellidium (Batten et al ., 2011; Cúneo et al ., 2013) and some nymphaleans (Gandolfo & Cuneo, 2005; Friis et al ., 2017). Poole et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…hypothesis, fossil plants have been discussed to a limited degree(Wilf et al, 2013) with some lineages showing a North America to South America-Antarctica migration during the Cretaceous and Paleogene, including Regnellidium(Batten et al, 2011;C uneo et al, 2013) and some nymphaleans(Gandolfo & Cuneo, 2005;Friis et al, 2017). Poole et al (2000b) reported Sassafrasoxylon Brezinov a et S€ uss from Late Cretaceous deposits in Antarctica and cautiously discussed that Sassafras J. Presl, which today is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere, may have had a Gondwanan origin.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Extending beyond Gondwana: Cretaceous Cunoniaceae from western North America

2022

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Cunoniaceae are important elements of rainforests across the Southern Hemisphere. Many of these flowering plants are considered Paleo-Antarctic Rainforest Lineages that had a Gondwanan distribution since the Paleocene. Fossils of several modern genera within the family, such as Ceratopetalum, have indicated biogeographical connections between South America and Australia in the Cenozoic.Here, we report a dramatic geographical range extension for Ceratopetalum, and Cunoniaceae as a whole, based on two exceptionally preserved fossil winged fruits from Campanian (c. 82-80 Ma old) deposits on Sucia Island, Washington, USA. The fossils were studied using physical sectioning, light microscopy, micro-computed tomography scanning and multiple phylogenetic analyses.The fossil fruits share diagnostic characters with Ceratopetalum such as the presence of four to five persistent calyx lobes, a prominent nectary disk, persistent stamens, a semi-inferior ovary and two persistent styles. Based on morphological comparisons with fruits of extant species and support from phylogenetic analyses, the fossils are assigned to a new species Ceratopetalum suciensis.These fossils are the first unequivocal evidence of crown Cunoniaceae from the Cretaceous of North America, indicating a more complicated biogeographical history for this important Gondwanan family.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extending beyond Gondwana: Cretaceous Cunoniaceae from western North America

2022

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“…In addition to the TELM stratigraphy convention, Marenssi et al (1998) introduced five erosionally based allomembers for the La Meseta and Submeseta Fms., which roughly correspond to TELMs as reported in Table 1. Further, Montes et al (2013) divided the Acantilados Allomember into Acantilados I (referred to as Level 32 in some instances) with minor Table 1 Description of TELM Biostratigraphy, Faunal Content, Sedimentology, and Allomembers Compiled From Published Research to Date (Bomfleur et al, 2015;Buono et al, 2016;Friis et al, 2017;Ivany et al, 2008;Kriwet et al, 2016;Marramá et al, 2018;McLoughlin et al, 2016;Montes et al, 2013;Sadler, 1988;Schwarzhans et al, 2017;Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Ecology and Climate of the Eocene Southern Ocean With Sand Tiger Sharks Striatolamia macrota

Kim

Zeichner

Colman

et al. 2020

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Many explanations for Eocene climate change focus on the Southern Ocean-where tectonics influenced oceanic gateways, ocean circulation reduced heat transport, and greenhouse gas declines prompted glaciation. To date, few studies focus on marine vertebrates at high latitudes to discern paleoecological and paleoenvironmental impacts of this climate transition. The Tertiary Eocene La Meseta (TELM) Formation has a rich fossil assemblage to characterize these impacts; Striatolamia macrota, an extinct (†) sand tiger shark, is abundant throughout the La Meseta Formation. Body size is often tracked to characterize and integrate across multiple ecological dimensions. †S. macrota body size distributions indicate limited changes during TELMs 2-5 based on anterior tooth crown height (n = 450, mean = 19.6 ± 6.4 mm). Similarly, environmental conditions remained stable through this period based on δ 18 O PO4 values from tooth enameloid (n = 42; 21.5 ± 1.6‰), which corresponds to a mean temperature of 22.0 ± 4.0°C. Our preliminary ε Nd (n = 4) results indicate an early Drake Passage opening with Pacific inputs during TELM 2-3 (45-43 Ma) based on single unit variation with an overall radiogenic trend. Two possible hypotheses to explain these observations are (1) †S. macrota modified its migration behavior to ameliorate environmental changes related to the Drake Passage opening, or (2) the local climate change was small and gateway opening had little impact. While we cannot rule out an ecological explanation, a comparison with climate model results suggests that increased CO 2 produces warm conditions that also parsimoniously explain the observations. Plain Language Summary The body temperature of sharks is regulated by their surrounding waters and so there are limited species in cold, polar regions. In the past, there were periods of time (e.g., a geologic time period called the Eocene, 56-33.9 million years ago) where the Earth was much warmer and sharks were abundant in ocean waters all over the globe. For instance, fossil shark teeth have been found in Eocene sediments in Antarctica, which provides an example of this distribution. We analyzed the chemistry of these fossil shark teeth, which provides environmental clues to understand how the climate changed during the Eocene. We also measured shark tooth size, which is related to the length and age of shark, to understand the life stage of sharks living in the area. Our study found that sand tiger sharks of all ages lived in this location and water temperatures recorded by their teeth stayed constant over time, despite the clear continental movement and changes in ocean circulation. Future studies of ancient climate should consider the potential of shark teeth to contribute to their analyses and geologic reconstructions.

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“…; Friis et al . ) that imply nearshore deposition. Although the La Meseta Formation has traditionally been assigned ages ranging from early Eocene to ?earliest Oligocene (Ivany et al .…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

New fossil woods from lower Cenozoic volcano‐sedimentary rocks of the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, and the implications for the trans‐Antarctic Peninsula Eocene climatic gradient

Philippe

McLoughlin

et al. 2019

Papers in Palaeontology

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Ten embedded fossil logs sampled in situ from the middle Eocene volcano‐sedimentary rocks close to Suffield Point in the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica, are assigned to Protopodocarpoxylon araucarioides Schultze‐Motel ex Vogellehner, Phyllocladoxylon antarcticum Gothan, Agathoxylon antarcticum (Poole & Cantrill) Pujana et al., A. pseudoparenchymatosum (Gothan) Pujana et al. and an unidentified angiosperm wood. Differences in the taxonomic representation and growth‐ring characters of the Eocene woods on King George Island and coeval assemblages from Seymour Island, on the western and eastern sides of the Antarctic Peninsula respectively, are interpreted to result from environmental and climatic gradients across the Peninsula Orogen during the early Palaeogene. In particular, a precipitation gradient inferred across the Peninsula at that time might have been induced by a rain‐shadow effect.

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Notonuphar antarctica, an extinct water lily (Nymphaeales) from the Eocene of Antarctica

Abstract: A new genus and species, Notonuphar antarctica, is described from the Eocene of Seymour (Marambio)

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Extending beyond Gondwana: Cretaceous Cunoniaceae from western North America

Extending beyond Gondwana: Cretaceous Cunoniaceae from western North America

Probing the Ecology and Climate of the Eocene Southern Ocean With Sand Tiger Sharks Striatolamia macrota

New fossil woods from lower Cenozoic volcano‐sedimentary rocks of the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, and the implications for the trans‐Antarctic Peninsula Eocene climatic gradient

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