Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Lithium-ion battery safety remains a significant concern, as battery failure leads to ejection of hazardous materials and rapid heat release that can potentially cause propagation from cell to cell resulting in a total catastrophic failure event. Development of effective mitigation strategies necessitates the controlled study of battery failure events to build a database and improve understanding of important characteristics relating to safety, such as heat release, hazardous materials ejection, and thermal propagation. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has been conducting a myriad of these battery failure experiments for several years, investigating a variety of different battery chemistries, geometries, abuse scenarios, and analysis techniques. In this report, different states of charge and packing configurations of a commercially available 18650 lithium-ion battery are studied to determine their impact on heat propagation, internal battery temperatures, radial temperature distributions, and failure characteristics. Internal temperatures were obtained by designing and fabricating 18650 surrogate cells with embedded thermocouples which contained no active materials and were reused for multiple failure tests. 22-08-2016 Memorandum Report
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