Novel 2019 coronavirus: Genome structure, clinical trials, and outstanding questions

Jogalekar, Manasi P.; Veerabathini, Anurag; Gangadaran, Prakash

doi:10.1177/1535370220920540

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A new RNA betacoronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the illness COVID-19 [ 1 – 3 ] that has resulted in, and continues to cause severe global morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 was classified as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral adipose tissue in patients with COVID-19: risk stratification for severity

et al. 2020

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Purpose To assess visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and total adipose tissue (TAT) estimates at abdominopelvic CT in COVID-19 patients with different severity, and analyze Body Mass Index (BMI) and CT estimates of fat content in patients requiring hospitalization. Methods In this retrospective IRB approved HIPPA compliant study, 51 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection with abdominopelvic CT were included. Patients were stratified based on disease severity as outpatient (no hospital admission) and patients who were hospitalized. Subset of hospitalized patient required mechanical ventilation (MV). A radiologist blinded to the clinical outcome evaluated single axial slice on CT at L3 vertebral body for VAT L3 , SAT L3 , TAT L3 , and VAT/TAT L3. These measures along with age, gender, and BMI were compared. A clinical model that included age, sex, and BMI was compared to clinical + CT model that also included VAT L3 to discriminate hospitalized patients from outpatients. Results There were ten outpatients and 41 hospitalized patients. 11 hospitalized patients required MV. There were no significant differences in age and BMI between the hospitalized and outpatients (all p > 0.05). There was significantly higher VAT L3 and VAT/TAT L3 in hospitalized patients compared to the outpatients (all p < 0.05). Area under the curve (AUC) of the clinical + CT model was higher compared to the clinical model (AUC 0.847 versus 0.750) for identifying patients requiring hospitalization. Conclusion Higher VAT L3 was observed in COVID-19 patients that required hospitalization compared to the outpatients, and addition of VAT L3 to the clinical model improved AUC in discriminating hospitalized from outpatients in this preliminary study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral adipose tissue in patients with COVID-19: risk stratification for severity

et al. 2020

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“…For example, in the United States, Remdesivir, previously used to treat Ebola, is being tested 9 in Trials NCT04292899, NCT04280705, and NCT04292730, which are still in the recruiting phase. 10 Moreover, 158 11 clinical trials are investigating the effects of hydroxychloroquine, an anti-malarial drug, as in-vitro studies have shown its efficacy. 12 The results of these trials are highly anticipated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the COVID-19 infection in dentistry

Passarelli

Rella

Manicone

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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The novel Coronavirus pandemic defines a new risk for all dental practitioners, hygienists, and dental assistants. As an increasing number of dentists are now developing this disease, we wanted to provide some measures to manage this risk in the dental practice, by undergoing a review of the current literature. This minireview searches the literature for articles that both defined the infection risk in the dental practice and provided evidence on the efficacy of some procedures on reducing the infection risk. Several articles have already pointed out some necessary measures: fewer patients have to be admitted to the practice, a short triage should be carried out, and the appropriate measures of protection have to be used. On the basis of the literature collected, a short questionnaire and a flowchart is proposed to define the risk that each patient carries, and to appropriately adapt each procedure based on the patient’s risk. The literature is still limited on this subject, but on the basis of what is available, dental practices have to adapt to the situation in order to protect dental health professionals. Impact statement Dentists have always been taught how to protect themselves and their patients from potential blood-borne pathogens, but the Coronavirus pandemic has brought a new unprecedented challenge to the world of dentistry; we therefore reviewed the literature to provide suggestions on how to accordingly change dental practice prevention.

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“…COVID-19 is caused by a novel beta-coronavirus family member called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 2,3 In December 2019 (and potentially earlier, though unrecognized), SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a peculiar pneumonia-causing virus in Hubei province, China, most likely as a result of natural selection in animal hosts (bats, pangolins) prior to zoonotic transfer. There are now seven members of this viral family that are known to infect humans with three having the potential to cause a severe respiratory disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mini-review on the effects of COVID-19 on younger individuals

Manivannan

Jogalekar

Kavitha

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has uprooted our lives like never before since its onset in the late December 2019. The world has seen mounting infections and deaths over the past few months despite the unprecedented measures countries are implementing, such as lockdowns, social distancing, mask-wearing, and banning gatherings in large groups. Interestingly, young individuals seem less likely to be impacted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19. While the rate of transmission, symptom presentation, and fatality is lower in children than people from other age groups, they have been disproportionately affected by strict lockdown measures needed to curb viral spread. In this review, we describe the association between patient age and COVID-19, epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, psychological effects associated with lockdowns and school closures, and possible mechanisms underlying lower transmission rate of COVID-19 in children.

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Novel 2019 coronavirus: Genome structure, clinical trials, and outstanding questions

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Visceral adipose tissue in patients with COVID-19: risk stratification for severity

Visceral adipose tissue in patients with COVID-19: risk stratification for severity

The impact of the COVID-19 infection in dentistry

A mini-review on the effects of COVID-19 on younger individuals

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