Novel ACE Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Yeast Hydrolysates: Screening, Inhibition Mechanisms and Effects on HUVECs

Abstract

The antihypertensive activity of yeast hydrolysate (YH) was confirmed in our previous study. However, the critical peptides in YH and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides in YH and illustrate their molecular and cellular mechanisms. The potential of YH-derived peptides was evaluated by in silico methods, followed by in vitro verification. A new competitive ACE inhibitory peptide, VIPVPFF (V7), with an IC50 value of 10.27 μM, was screened. YH and V7 increased the nitric oxide (NO) levels, upregulated GUCY1A1 gene expression (approximately 15-fold), and functioned in several hypertension-related pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). This study revealed the antihypertensive mechanisms of YH and V7, laying down a theoretical basis for their application.

Corn distillers solubles as a novel bioresource of bioactive peptides with ACE and DPP IV inhibition activity: characterization, in silico evaluation, and molecular docking

“…Previously, the peptides from all the above-mentioned yeast proteins have been described as strong ACE and DPP IV inhibitors. 14,47,48 The Venn diagram shows that there were only 2 corn and 1 yeast protein unique to all the PHs (Fig. 3), highlighting the high selectivity of enzymolysis, which generates peculiar peptide mixtures with divergent compositions.…”

“…13 The presence of lipid-soluble AAs and yeast proteins in CDS favors the obtention of biopeptides through enzymolysis. 14 In addition, protein degradability in CDS than in DDGS can be expected to be lower because of the avoidance of high-temperature drying steps, which can damage proteins by cross-linking in the protein bodies. Despite this, the successful application of protein hydrolysates (PHs) from corn DDGS as antioxidant compounds in food, pet food, and feed systems has been recently reported.…”

“…24,25 To the best of our knowledge, no information is available on peptides from CDS with inhibition against ACE and DPP IV. Considering that corn and yeast have been studied as a source of biopeptides with antihypertensive and antidiabetic activities, 3,14 we hypothesized that CDS would be an effective source of biopeptides with antihypertensive and antidiabetic effects. Hence, the key aim was to demonstrate the feasibility of expanding a value-chain for CDS proteins by enzymolysis, unravelling them as a source of "new and/or known peptides".…”

Isolation, identification, molecular docking analysis, and cytoprotection of seven novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from miiuy croaker byproducts-swim bladders

“…Similarly, LGF and GLFF from leaf hydrolysate of Moringa oleifera exhibited double inhibitory activity of ACE and renin and significantly reduced the systolic and diastolic BP of SHRs (Ma et al, 2021). VIPVPFF from yeast hydrolysate with IC 50 of 10.27 mM could increase the nitric oxide (NO) levels, upregulate approximately 15-fold expression of GUCY1A1 gene, and activate several hypertension-related pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (Huang et al, 2021). Moreover, many ACEi peptides, such as LY, RALP, GHS (He et al, 2019a), EMFGTSSET (Pei et al, 2022), IWHHT (Gu et al, 2019), and VPP (Chakrabarti et al, 2017), show multi-activities, especially antioxidant and antiphlogistic activities.…”

Interaction mechanism of three egg protein derived ACE inhibitory tri-peptides and DPPC membrane using FS, FTIR, and DSC studies

“…Hypertension is a major risk factor of human health, and has become the main reason for about 19% of all deaths worldwide ( Huang, Jia, Zhao, Hou, & Hu, 2021 ). Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is considered as a key target for the prevention and management of high blood pressure.…”