Novel Alkaloids from the Sponge Batzella sp.: Inhibitors of HIV gp120-Human CD4 Binding

Crystallographic and NMR studies of antiinfective tricyclic guanidine alkaloids from the sponge Monanchora unguifera

“…1 Members of this class include the series called ptilocaulins, [2][3][4][5] crambescins (crambines), [6][7][8][9] ptilomycalin A, crambescidins, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and batzelladines. [15][16][17] They were isolated separately from marine sponges belonging to the genera Batzella, Monanchora, Arenochalina, and Crambe (Order Poecilosclerida) and Ptilocaulis (Order Axinellida) and starfish Fromia monilis, and Celerina heffernani. 18 These metabolites display diverse biological activities including cytotoxicity against P388, L1210, HCT-16, KB cell lines, 2,[10][11][12]14 antifungal activity against Candida albicans, 10 antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and Hepatitis-B virus [10][11][12][13] and potent calcium channel antagonist activity.…”

“…18 These metabolites display diverse biological activities including cytotoxicity against P388, L1210, HCT-16, KB cell lines, 2,[10][11][12]14 antifungal activity against Candida albicans, 10 antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and Hepatitis-B virus [10][11][12][13] and potent calcium channel antagonist activity. 14 Batzelladine A and B were reported to inhibit the binding of HIV-gp 120 to the CD4 cell-surface receptor protein 16 and crambescidins 826, 800, and fromiamycalin inhibited HIV-envelope-mediated fusion and as a result are potential inhibitors of HIV. 9 The intriguing molecular structures and their significant biological activities have attracted considerable synthetic interest.…”

A Green Approach for the Synthesis of 2,4-Dihydro-pyrimidinones Using PTSA

“…More recently, they emerged as integral backbones of several calcium channel blockers, antihypertensive agents, α-1a-antagonists, and neuropeptide Y(NPY) antagonists 2 . Dihydropyrimidinone derivatives are found as core units in many marine alkaloids (batzelladine and carambine), which have been found to be potent to HIV-gp-120 CD4 inhibitors 3 . Thus, synthesis of the heterocyclic nucleus contained in such compounds is of current interest.…”

A Rapid and Facile Domino Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 3, 4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1h)-Thiones Derivatives

“…Among these, 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) and their sulphur analogues are associated with unique biological activities such as antitumor, antihypertensive, anti-HIV, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and anthelmintic activities, kinase inhibitors, anticancer, anti-malarial, antihypertensive, potassium channel antagonists, anti-HIV, anti-epileptics, anti-tubercular, anti-bacterial etc. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The sulphur derivatives of Dihydropyrimidines are the core structural skeleton in variety of drugs and pharmaceutical potentials compounds 15 (Figure-1). The Biginelli-product DHPMs have always been the elegant target of synthesis.…”