“…They include fruit parts, such as seed extract [108], flesh [59], peel [61,71], juice [60], and fruit waste [62]. Alternatively, hemicellulose [109] or cellulose, combined with caffeic acid as a green reducing agent [67], or other plant parts, such as Gynostemma plant [54], red cabbage [64], palm-derived powder [110], green tea [63], mint [111], or turmeric [104] leaves, sunflower seeds [112], roasted chickpeas [68], wheat straw [66], soybean residues [113], and sandalwood powder [114]. Some of these carbon sources have been used with the prospect of recycling household kitchen waste, although in line of principle, the same concept could be applied to industrial waste.…”