Novel Antibacterials: Alternatives to Traditional Antibiotics

Betts, Jonathan W.; Hornsey, Michael; Ragione, Roberto M. La

doi:10.1016/bs.ampbs.2018.06.001

Cited by 60 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…Around 25,000 deaths per annum have been estimated in the European Union because of AMR [3]. Globally, the estimated number of deaths due to multidrug resistant microorganisms is around 700,000 per year [9]. The possible known mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in bacteria are; (1) reduced uptake of antimicrobial drugs and/or increased efflux of drugs, (2) alterations of antibiotic target, (3) development of drug degrading/modifying enzymes in microorganisms, and (4) formation of biofilm layer which surrounds the bacteria and avoids its exposure to antibiotics [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Effects of Biogenic Nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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Infectious diseases pose one of the greatest health challenges in the medical world. Though numerous antimicrobial drugs are commercially available, they often lack effectiveness against recently developed multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms. This results in high antibiotic dose administration and a need to develop new antibiotics, which in turn requires time, money, and labor investments. Recently, biogenic metallic nanoparticles have proven their effectiveness against MDR microorganisms, individually and in synergy with the current/conventional antibiotics. Importantly, biogenic nanoparticles are easy to produce, facile, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly in nature. In addition, biogenic nanoparticles are surrounded by capping layers, which provide them with biocompatibility and long-term stability. Moreover, these capping layers provide an active surface for interaction with biological components, facilitated by free active surface functional groups. These groups are available for modification, such as conjugation with antimicrobial drugs, genes, and peptides, in order to enhance their efficacy and delivery. This review summarizes the conventional antibiotic treatments and highlights the benefits of using nanoparticles in combating infectious diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Effects of Biogenic Nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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“…Remarkably, in 2018 the Federation of International Societies of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (FISPGHAN) Working Group (WG) published Universal Recommendations for the Management of AD in non-malnourished Children, concluding that the routine use of antibiotics is not recommended for the treatment of acute enteropathy [ 2 ]. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have investigated the efficacy of therapeutic protocols, alternative to the use of antibiotics [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], and attention has been focused on the role played by oxidative stress and antioxidant supplementation during acute diarrheic episodes [ 20 , 21 ]. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a major site for the generation of pro-oxidants, due to the presence of a plethora of bacteria and food ingredients, that interact with the immune system [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Diarrhea in Dogs: Current Management and Potential Role of Dietary Polyphenols Supplementation

et al. 2020

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Acute diarrhea is one of the most common reasons why pet owners seek veterinary care for their canine companions. In many cases, signs resolve spontaneously or with symptomatic therapy without a specific cause being discovered. However, life-threatening cases can occur. The etiology is complex, including infectious diseases (endoparasites, virus, bacteria, protozoa, fungal agents) by both zoonotic and non-zoonotic pathogens, dietary indiscretion, endocrine diseases, and stress (e.g., travel or environmental changes). In the last years, the role played by oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic enteropathies, independently from the initial noxa, has been highlighted by many researches in both humans and animals. As a result, a series of dietary antioxidant compounds have been studied for their potential use in the treatment of intestinal inflammation. This review summarizes the traditional therapeutic and nutritional options to manage canine acute diarrhea, highlighting the need to explore the role of oxidative stress and potential antioxidant supplementation, especially polyphenols, during acute diarrheic episodes.

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“…Presently, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in human, animal, and plant pathogens, correlated with the unavailability of newer drugs challenges the efficiency of current antimicrobial agents [40]. Therefore, comprehensive and multidisciplinary efforts across human medicine, veterinary, agricultural, and environmental sectors are needed to reduce this global threat by investigating the mechanisms of resistance, improving antimicrobial stewardship, and developing antimicrobial agents [41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Substituted Benzoylthiourea Derivatives: From Design to Antimicrobial Applications

et al. 2020

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The increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance to all currently available therapeutic agents has urged the development of novel antimicrobials. In this context, a series of new benzoylthiourea derivatives substituted with one or more fluorine atoms and with the trifluoromethyl group have been tested, synthesized, and characterized by IR, NMR, CHNS and crystal X-ray diffraction. The molecular docking has provided information regarding the binding affinity and the orientation of the new compounds to Escherichia coli DNA gyrase B. The docking score predicted the antimicrobial activity of the studied compounds, especially against E. coli, which was further demonstrated experimentally against planktonic and biofilm embedded bacterial and fungal cells. The compounds bearing one fluorine atom on the phenyl ring have shown the best antibacterial effect, while those with three fluorine atoms exhibited the most intensive antifungal activity. All tested compounds exhibited antibiofilm activity, correlated with the trifluoromethyl substituent, most favorable in para position.

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Novel Antibacterials: Alternatives to Traditional Antibiotics

Cited by 60 publications

References 200 publications

Antimicrobial Effects of Biogenic Nanoparticles

Antimicrobial Effects of Biogenic Nanoparticles

Acute Diarrhea in Dogs: Current Management and Potential Role of Dietary Polyphenols Supplementation

New Substituted Benzoylthiourea Derivatives: From Design to Antimicrobial Applications

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